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Byblos
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=== Early Bronze === {{Main|Kings of Byblos|Old Kingdom of Egypt|First Intermediate Period of Egypt|Middle Kingdom of Egypt|Second Intermediate Period of Egypt|New Kingdom of Egypt|Third Intermediate Period of Egypt}} According to [[Lorenzo Nigro]], Byblos moved from being a fishermen's village to its earlier urban form at the beginning of the third millennium BC.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Lorenzo Nigro |author-link1=Lorenzo Nigro |editor1-last=Nigro |editor1-first=Lorenzo |title=Byblos and Jericho in the early bronze I : social dynamics and cultural interactions : proceedings of the international workshop held in Rome on March 6th 2007 by Rome "La Sapienza" University |date=2007 |publisher=Università di Roma "La Sapienza" |isbn=978-88-88438-06-1 |page=35 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NfAWQoiLQwEC&q=byblos+millenium&pg=PA81 |access-date=17 February 2017 |chapter=Aside the spring: Byblos and Jericho from village to town}}</ref> Early Bronze Age remains were characterised by the development of [[Byblos combed ware]] and a lithic assemblage studied by Jacques Cauvin.<ref name="CopelandWescombe1965"/><ref>Fleisch, Henri., Néolithique du Proche-Orient, Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Français, vol. 49, 5–6, p. 212. (Contains report on Byblos excavations of 1951 by Maurice Dunand), 1952.</ref> Watson Mills and Roger Bullard suggest that during the [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] and [[Middle Kingdom of Egypt]] Byblos was virtually an Egyptian colony.<ref name="MillsBullard1990"/> The growing city was a wealthy one and seems to have been an ally (among "those who are on his waters") of [[Egypt]] for many centuries. [[First Dynasty of Egypt|First Dynasty]] tombs used timbers from Byblos. One of the oldest Egyptian words for an oceangoing boat was "Byblos ship". Archaeologists have recovered [[ancient Egypt|Egyptian]]-made artifacts as old as a vessel fragment bearing the name of the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|Second dynasty]] ruler [[Khasekhemwy]], although this "may easily have reached Byblos through trade and/or at a later period".<ref>Wilkinson, Toby, 1999, ''Early Dynastic Egypt'' p. 78.</ref>
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