Editing Byzantine architecture (section)

=== Middle Byzantine architecture ===
In the [[Macedonian dynasty]], it is presumed that [[Basil I]]'s votive church of the [[Theotokos of the Pharos]] and the ''[[Nea Ekklesia]]'' (both no longer existent) served as a model for most [[cross-in-square]] sanctuaries of the period, including the [[Cattolica di Stilo]] in southern Italy (9th century), the monastery church of [[Hosios Lukas]] in Greece (c. 1000), [[Nea Moni of Chios]] (a pet project of [[Constantine IX]]), and the [[Daphni Monastery]] near [[Athens]] (c. 1050). All three of the later churches display the important shifts in architectural design that occurred following the end of Iconoclasm, when architectural design and decoration became more standardized.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ousterhout |first=Robert |url=https://pressbooks.pub/smarthistoryguidetobyzantineart/chapter/middle-byzantine-church-architecture/ |title=Smarthistory Guide to Byzantine Art |date=2021 |publisher=Smarthistory |editor-last=Freeman |editor-first=Evan |chapter=Middle Byzantine Church Architecture}}</ref>

[[File:20090803 hosiosloukas36.jpg|thumb|upright|External view of the 11th-century monastery of [[Hosios Loukas]] in Greece. It is representative of the Byzantine art during the rule of the [[Macedonian dynasty]] ([[Macedonian art (Byzantine)|Macedonian art]])]]

[[File:St Sophia (Ohrid).jpg|thumb|left|Rear courtyard of [[Church of St. Sophia, Ohrid]], 9th century, [[First Bulgarian Empire]], now [[North Macedonia]]]]

The [[Church of St. Sophia, Ohrid|Hagia Sophia church]] in [[Ochrid]] (present-day [[North Macedonia]]), built in the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the time of [[Boris I of Bulgaria]], and [[Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev|eponymous cathedral]] in [[Kyiv|Kiev]]<!--See WP:KYIV--> (present-day [[Ukraine]]) testify to a vogue for multiple subsidiary domes set on drums, which would gain in height and narrowness with the progress of time.{{Citation needed | date=June 2019}}

==== Comnenian and Paleologan periods ====
In Istanbul and [[Asia Minor]] the architecture of the [[Komnenian period]] is almost non-existent, with the notable exceptions of the Elmali Kilise and other rock sanctuaries of [[Cappadocia]], and of the Churches of the [[Church of the Pantokrator (Constantinople)|Pantokrator]] and of the [[Kalenderhane Mosque|Theotokos Kyriotissa]] in Istanbul. Most examples of this architectural style and many of the other older Byzantine styles only survive on the outskirts of the Byzantine world, as most significant and ancient churches and buildings were in Asia Minor. During [[World War I]], almost all churches that ended up within the Turkish borders were destroyed or converted into mosques. Some were abandoned as a result of the [[Christian genocides|Greek and Christian genocides]] from 1915 to 1923. Similar styles can be found in countries such as [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Russia]], [[Serbia]] and other Slavic lands, as well as in [[Sicily]] ([[Cappella Palatina]]) and [[Veneto]] ([[St Mark's Basilica]], [[Torcello Cathedral]]).

In Middle Byzantine architecture "cloisonné masonry" refers to walls built with a regular mix of stone and [[brick]], often with more of the latter. The exterior of the 11th- or 12th-century [[Pammakaristos Church]] in [[Istanbul]] is an example, though it is even more renowned for Late Byzantine additions discussed below.