Editing CGIAR (section)

== History ==
=== Early years (1971-1990) ===
[[File:IITA Agricultural Officers Weigh Cassava.jpg|thumb|IITA agricultural officers weigh cassava in 1970.]]
CGIAR arose in response to the widespread concern in the mid-20th century that rapid increases in human populations would soon lead to widespread [[famine]]. Starting in 1943, the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] and the [[Federal government of Mexico|Mexican government]] laid the seeds for the [[Green Revolution]] when they established the Office of Special Studies, which resulted in the establishment of the [[International Rice Research Institute]] ([[IRRI]]) in 1960 and [[International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center]] (CIMMYT) in 1963 with support from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] and [[Ford Foundation]]. These centers work toward developing high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties that dramatically increased production of these staple cereals, and turned India, for example, from a country regularly facing starvation in the 1960s to a net exporter of cereals by the late-1970s.<ref>{{Cite report |last=Baum |first=Warren |title=Partners against hunger : consultative group on international agricultural research (CGIAR) |url=https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/568651468162563497/Partners-against-hunger-consultative-group-on-international-agricultural-research-CGIAR |access-date=2022-12-14 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |language=en}}</ref>

But it was clear that the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations alone could not fund all the agricultural research and development efforts needed to feed the world's population.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Barbara Shubinski and Barry Goldberg |date=January 6, 2022 |title=The Birth of International Agricultural Research Institutes in the Mid-20th Century |url=https://resource.rockarch.org/story/the-birth-of-international-agricultural-research-institutes-in-the-mid-20th-century/ |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=[[Rockefeller Archive Center]] |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 1969, the [[Pearson Commission on International Development]] urged the international community to undertake "intensive international effort" to support "research specializing in food supplies and tropical agriculture".<ref name="Model-Development">{{cite journal | last1=Byerlee | first1=Derek | last2=Lynam | first2=John K. | title=The development of the international center model for agricultural research: A prehistory of the CGIAR | journal=World Development | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=135 | year=2020 | issn=0305-750X | doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105080 | page=105080| s2cid=225007416 }}</ref>

In 1970, the Rockefeller Foundation proposed a worldwide network of agricultural research centers under a permanent secretariat.<ref name=":1" /> This was further supported and developed by the [[World Bank]], FAO and UNDP. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) was established on 19 May 1971, to coordinate international agricultural research efforts aimed at reducing poverty and achieving [[food security]] in developing countries.<ref>{{Cite report |author=[[World Bank]] |date=1971-06-01 |title=CGIAR First Meeting, Washington, D.C., May 19, 1971: Summary of Proceedings |url=https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10947/260 |language=en}}</ref>

Australian economist [[John Crawford (economist)|Sir John Crawford]] was appointed as the inaugural chair of the Technical Advisory Committee.<ref name="fund">{{cite web | title=Sir John Crawford | website=The [[Crawford Fund]] | url=https://www.crawfordfund.org/about/sir-john-crawford/ | access-date=24 July 2021}}</ref>

CGIAR originally supported four centers: CIMMYT, IRRI, the [[International Center for Tropical Agriculture]] (CIAT) and the [[International Institute of Tropical Agriculture]] (IITA). The initial focus on the staple cereals—rice, wheat and maize—widened during the 1970s to include cassava, chickpea, sorghum, potato, millets and other food crops, and encompassed livestock, farming systems, the conservation of [[genetic resources]], plant nutrition, water management, policy research, and services to national agricultural research centers in developing countries.<ref name=":0" />

By 1983, there were 13 research centers around the world under its umbrella.<ref>Establishment of CGIAR - see Mark Dowie, ''American Foundations: An Investigative History'', [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]: [[MIT Press]], 2001, (p.114)</ref>

=== Expansion and consolidation (1991-2000) ===
By the 1990s the number of centers supported by CGIAR had grown to 18. Mergers between the two livestock centers the [[International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases]] (ILRAD) and the [[International Livestock Centre for Africa]] (ILCA)) and the absorption of work on bananas and plantains into the program of the [[International Plant Genetic Resources Institute]] (IPGRI; now [[Bioversity International]]) reduced the number to 16. Later another center (ISNAR) was absorbed{{clarify|date=March 2017|reason=into what?}}, reducing the total number of supported centers to 15.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cgiar.org/who/history/index.html#5 |title=History of CGIAR|website=CGIAR|access-date=2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531113448/http://www.cgiar.org/who/history/index.html#5 |archive-date=2012-05-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="World-Bank-review">{{Cite report|access-date=2022-12-28|language=en|number=1|volume=1|series=OED Working Paper Series|publisher=[[World Bank]] Operations Evaluation Department|year=1999|pages=xi{{NBSP}}+{{NBSP}}98|first2=Dana|id=31967|first1=Jock|last1=Anderson|last2=Dalrymple|title=The World Bank, the Grant Program, and the CGIAR: A Retrospective Review |url=https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/699361468163156017/The-World-Bank-the-grant-program-and-the-CGIAR-a-retrospective-review}}</ref>

The reduction in the number of supported centers was not enough to address problems facing the group. These included the logistics of funders and the group alike in dealing with a large number of centers. This led to the creation of three classes of centers, divided into high, medium, and low impact delivery.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}}

At the same time, a number of aid recipient countries like China, India, and Malaysia created their own development agencies and developed cadres of agricultural scientists. Private donors and industries also contributed, while research institutions in the rich world turned their attention to problems of the poor. CGIAR, however, failed to embrace these changes in any effective way.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}}

=== CGIAR reforms (2001-2007) ===
Seeking to increase its efficiency and build on its previous successes, CGIAR embarked on a program of reform in 2001. Key among the changes implemented was the adoption of Challenge Programs as a means of harnessing the strengths of the diverse centers to address major global or regional issues. Three Challenge Programs were established within the supported research centers and a fourth to FARA, a research forum in Africa:
* Water and Food, aimed at producing more food using less water;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dfid.gov.uk/r4d/SearchResearchDatabase.asp?ProjectID=60685 |title=Research for Development > Water and Food Challenge Programme |publisher=[[Department for International Development]] (DFID) |date=2008-11-14 |access-date=2012-07-18}}</ref> (Including [[Basin Focal Projects]])
* HarvestPlus, to improve the micronutrient content of staple foods;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://knowledge.cta.int/en/S-T-Organisations/International/HarvestPlus |title=HarvestPlus / International / S&T Organisations / Home - Knowledge for Development |website=[[Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA)]] Knowledge |access-date=2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325025125/http://knowledge.cta.int/en/S-T-Organisations/International/HarvestPlus |archive-date=2012-03-25 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and
* Generation, aimed at increasing the use of [[plant genetic resources|crop genetic resources]] to create a new generation of plants that meet farmers and consumers needs.<ref name="Generation-Challenge">{{cite journal|publisher=[[Hindawi Publishing]]|title=The Generation Challenge Programme Platform: Semantic Standards and Workbench for Crop Science|journal=[[International Journal of Plant Genomics]]|volume=2008|pages=369601|date=2007-09-22|doi=10.1155/2008/369601|pmid=18483570|pmc=2375972|last1=Bruskiewich|first1=Richard|last2=Senger|first2=Martin|last3=Davenport|first3=Guy|last4=Ruiz|first4=Manuel|last5=Rouard|first5=Mathieu|last6=Hazekamp|first6=Tom|last7=Takeya|first7=Masaru|last8=Doi|first8=Koji|last9=Satoh|first9=Kouji|last10=Costa|first10=Marcos|last11=Simon|first11=Reinhard|last12=Balaji|first12=Jayashree|last13=Akintunde|first13=Akinnola|last14=Mauleon|first14=Ramil|last15=Wanchana|first15=Samart|last16=Shah|first16=Trushar|last17=Anacleto|first17=Mylah|last18=Portugal|first18=Arllet|last19=Ulat|first19=Victor|last20=Thongjuea|first20=Supat|last21=Braak|first21=Kyle|last22=Ritter|first22=Sebastian|last23=Dereeper|first23=Alexis|last24=Skofic|first24=Milko|last25=Rojas|first25=Edwin|last26=Martins|first26=Natalia|last27=Pappas|first27=Georgios|last28=Alamban|first28=Ryan|last29=Almodiel|first29=Roque|last30=Barboza|first30=Lord|last31=Detras|first31=Jeffrey|last32=Manansala|first32=Kevin|last33=Mendoza|first33=Michael|last34=Morales|first34=Jeffrey|last35=Peralta|first35=Barry|last36=Valerio|first36=Rowena|last37=Zhang|first37=Yi|last38=Gregorio|first38=Sergio|last39=Hermocilla|first39=Joseph|last40=Echavez|first40=Michael|last41=Yap|first41=Jan|last42=Farmer|first42=Andrew|last43=Schiltz|first43=Gary|last44=Lee|first44=Jennifer|last45=Casstevens|first45=Terry|last46=Jaiswal|first46=Pankaj|last47=Meintjes|first47=Ayton|last48=Wilkinson|first48=Mark|last49=Good|first49=Benjamin|last50=Wagner|first50=James|last51=Morris|first51=Jane|last52=Marshall|first52=David|last53=Collins|first53=Anthony|last54=Kikuchi|first54=Shoshi|last55=Metz|first55=Thomas|last56=McLaren|first56=Graham|last57=van Hintum|first57=Theo|doi-access=free|s2cid=6980767}}</ref>

=== A new CGIAR (2008-2021) ===
In 2008, CGIAR embarked on a change process to improve the engagement between all stakeholders in international agricultural research for development—donors, researchers and beneficiaries—and to refocus the efforts of the centers on major global development challenges.<ref>{{cite web|author=Yojana Sharma |url=http://www.scidev.net/en/features/a-revolution-to-combat-world-hunger.html |title=A revolution to combat world hunger |website=[[Science and Development Network]] (Scidev) |access-date=2012-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cgiar.org/changemanagement/briefs/march08.html |title=Browsing by Subject "CGIAR newsletters" |website=CGIAR |access-date=2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414185839/http://www.cgiar.org/changemanagement/briefs/march08.html |archive-date=2012-04-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A key objective was to integrate the work of the centers and their partners, avoiding fragmentation and duplication of effort.

CGIAR components during this time included the CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, the CGIAR Fund,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/ |title=CGIAR Fund |access-date=2011-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905190501/http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/|website=CGIAR|archive-date=2011-09-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership Council (ISPC)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencecouncil.cgiar.org/ |title=Independent Science & Partnership Council: ISPC home |website=CGIAR Science Council|access-date=2012-07-18}}</ref> and partners. Research was guided by the CGIAR Strategy and Results Framework.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/sites/cgiarfund.org/files/Documents/PDF/CGIAR-SRF-March%202011_BROCHURE.pdf |title=Strategy and Results Framework brochure |access-date=2011-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331111653/http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/sites/cgiarfund.org/files/Documents/PDF/CGIAR-SRF-March%202011_BROCHURE.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The CGIAR Consortium united the centers supported by CGIAR; it coordinated limited research activities of about 15 research projects (see list below) among the centers and provided donors with a single contact point to centers. The CGIAR Fund aimed to harmonize the efforts of donors to contribute to agricultural research for development, increased the funding available by reducing or eliminating duplication of effort among the centers and promoted greater financial stability. The CGIAR ISPC, appointed by the CGIAR Fund Council, provided advice to the funders of CGIAR, particularly in ensuring that CGIAR's research programs are aligned with the Strategy and Results Framework. It provided a bridge between the funders and the CGIAR Consortium. The hope was that the Strategy and Results Framework would provide the strategic direction for the centers and CGIAR Research Programs, ensuring that they focus on delivering measurable results that contribute to achieving CGIAR objectives. However the research programs were designed prior to the Framework being ready, so now some refitting had to take place to get the programs inline with it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://consortium.cgiar.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/CGIAR-SRF-Feb_20_2011.pdf|title=Strategy and Results Framework|website=CGIAR Consortium|access-date=21 June 2019}}</ref>

====CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers====
The '''CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers''' was established in April 2010 to coordinate and support the work of the 15 international agricultural research centers supported by CGIAR.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cgiar.org/research/|title=Research|website=Cgiar.org|access-date=21 June 2019}}</ref> It played a central role in formulating the CGIAR Strategy and Results Framework (SRF)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://consortium.cgiar.org/our-strategic-research-framework/ |title=Our strategic research framework|access-date=2011-08-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928002728/http://consortium.cgiar.org/our-strategic-research-framework/ |archive-date=2011-09-28|website=CGIAR Consortium}}</ref> that guided the work of CGIAR-supported centers on CGIAR funded research and developing CGIAR Research Programs under the SRF. The work of the CGIAR Consortium was governed by the Consortium Board, a 10-member panel that had fiduciary responsibility for CGIAR Research Programs, including monitoring and evaluation and reporting progress to donors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://consortium.cgiar.org/about-us/the-consortium-board/ |title=The Consortium Board|website=CGIAR Consortium|access-date=2011-08-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930034056/http://consortium.cgiar.org/about-us/the-consortium-board/ |archive-date=2011-09-30 }}</ref> CGIAR Research Programs were approved and funded by the CGIAR Fund<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cgiarfund.org/ |title=CGIAR Fund |access-date=2011-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711021646/http://www.cgiarfund.org/ |archive-date=2012-07-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> on a contractual basis through performance agreements.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/how_the_fund_works |title=How the Fund Works &#124; CGIAR Fund |access-date=2011-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101080923/http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/how_the_fund_works |archive-date=2011-11-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== Agri-Food Systems CGIAR Research Programs ====
Agri-Food Systems CGIAR Research Programs were multi-center, multi-partner initiatives built on three core principles: impact on CGIAR's four system-level objectives; making the most of the centers' strengths; and strong and effective partnerships.

The following research programs comprised the CGIAR Research Portfolio of 2017-2021 (lead centers shown in brackets):

* FISH - Fish Agri-Food Systems<ref>{{Cite web|title=FISH CRP|url=https://fish.cgiar.org/|access-date=2021-10-24|website=CGIAR Research Program on FISH|language=en}}</ref> ([[WorldFish]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=WorldFish|url=https://www.worldfishcenter.org/|url-status=live|access-date=24 October 2021|website=WorldFish|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021104073726/http://www.worldfishcenter.org:80/ |archive-date=4 November 2002 }}</ref>
* FTA - Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry<ref>{{cite web|title=Home|url=http://www.foreststreesagroforestry.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=Forests, Trees and Agroforestry}}</ref> ([[CIFOR]])
*Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals<ref>{{Cite web|title=GLDC|url=http://gldc.cgiar.org/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals|language=en-US}}</ref> ([[International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics|ICRISAT]])
*WHEAT<ref>{{cite web|title=CGIAR Research Program on WHEAT|url=https://wheat.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR Research Program on WHEAT}}</ref> - Global Alliance for Improving Food Security and the Livelihoods of the Resource-poor in the Developing World ([[International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center|CIMMYT]])
*Livestock<ref>{{Cite web|title=CGIAR Research Program on Livestock|url=https://livestock.cgiar.org/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=CGIAR Research Program on Livestock|language=en}}</ref> ([[International Livestock Research Institute|ILRI]])
*Maize<ref>{{Cite web|title=This is Maize CRP|url=https://maize.org/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=CGIAR Research Program on MAIZE|language=en-US}}</ref> (CIMMYT)
*Rice<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://ricecrp.org/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=RICE: CGIAR Research Program on Rice Agri-Food Systems|language=en-US}}</ref> ([[International Rice Research Institute|IRRI]])
*{{visible anchor|RTB}} - {{visible anchor|Roots, Tubers and Bananas}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Home|url=http://www.rtb.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR Roots, Tubers, and Bananas Program (RTB-CGIAR)}}</ref> ([[International Potato Center|CIP]])<ref>{{cite web|title=CIP|url=https://cipotato.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=[[International Potato Center]] (CIP)}}</ref>
'''Global Integrating Programs'''

Cross-cutting Global Integrating Programs framed to work closely with the Agri-Food Systems Programs within relevant agro-ecological systems. Four programs formed part of the 2017-2021 Portfolio.

* CCAFS - Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security<ref>{{cite web|title=CCAFS: CGIAR research program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security|url=https://ccafs.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR research program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security}}</ref> (CIAT)<ref>{{cite web|title=HOME|url=https://ciat.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=[[International Center for Tropical Agriculture]] (CIAT)}}</ref>
* A4NH - Agriculture for Nutrition and Health<ref>{{cite web|title=Agriculture for Nutrition and Health|url=http://a4nh.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health}}</ref> ([[International Food Policy Research Institute|IFPRI]])
* PIM<ref>{{cite web|title=Policies, Institutions and Markets - CGIAR Research Program|url=http://pim.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR Policies, Institutions and Markets}}</ref> - Policies, Institutions, & Markets ([[International Food Policy Research Institute|IFPRI]])
* WLE - [[Water, Land and Ecosystems]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Water, Land and Ecosystems|url=https://wle.cgiar.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=CGIAR Water, Land and Ecosystems}}</ref> ([[International Water Management Institute|IWMI]])

'''Former programs'''

*GRiSP - A [[Global Rice Science Partnership]] (IRRI)<ref>{{cite web|date=2010-11-12|title=European Commission : CORDIS : Go local : Member States Newsroom|url=http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch?CALLER=MSS_NEWS_ALL&ACTION=D&DOC=4&CAT=NEWS&QUERY=012b4b073857:b44b:5b7f7a50&RCN=32754|access-date=2012-07-18|website=[[European Commission]] CORDIS}}</ref>
* Aquatic Agricultural Systems<ref name="aas.cgiar.org">{{Cite web|title=Home &#124; Aquatic Agricultural Systems|url=http://aas.cgiar.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211061513/http://aas.cgiar.org/|archive-date=2013-02-11|website=CGIAR Aquatic Agricultural Systems}}</ref> - Harnessing the Development Potential of Aquatic Agricultural Systems<ref name="aas.cgiar.org" /> for the Poor and Vulnerable ([[WorldFish Center|WorldFish]])
* More Meat, Milk and Fish<ref>{{cite web|date=8 February 2013|title=CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish - More meat, milk and fish by and for the poor|url=http://livestockfish.cgiar.org/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208142445/http://livestockfish.cgiar.org/|archive-date=8 February 2013|access-date=21 June 2019}}</ref> by and for the poor (ILRI)<ref>{{cite web|title=International Livestock Research Institute|url=https://www.ilri.org/|access-date=21 June 2019|website=International Livestock Research Institute}}</ref>
* Dryland Systems<ref>{{Cite web|title=CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems / CGIAR|work=CGIAR |url=http://www.cgiar.org/our-research/cgiar-research-programs/cgiar-research-program-on-dryland-systems/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707031122/http://www.cgiar.org/our-research/cgiar-research-programs/cgiar-research-program-on-dryland-systems/|archive-date=2012-07-07}}</ref>
* Humidtropics
* Grain Legumes<ref>{{cite web|title=CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes / CGIAR|url=http://www.cgiar.org/our-research/cgiar-research-programs/cgiar-research-program-on-grain-legumes/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123220025/http://www.cgiar.org/our-research/cgiar-research-programs/cgiar-research-program-on-grain-legumes/|archive-date=2013-01-23|access-date=2013-01-23}}</ref> (ICRISAT)

A new strategy and results framework was approved in 2015 and the portfolio of research programs revised. The systems programs dryland systems, aquatic agricultural systems, and Humidtropics ceased to be standalone programs, even though they were seen as what was new to the reformed CGIAR, but were not given a real chance to take off and prosper, mainly due to funding reductions, but also because of a refocus on commodity value chains. These commodity programs were renamed to, for example, RTB Systems Program or Rice Systems Program. Some work of the earlier systems programs were incorporated, but most was lost.

==== Research platforms ====
CGIAR supported four research platforms from 2017 to 2021:
* CGIAR {{visible anchor|Excellence in Breeding}} Platform<ref name="Excellenceinbreeding">{{cite web | title=Excellenceinbreeding | website=[[CGIAR Excellence in Breeding]] | url=http://excellenceinbreeding.org/ | access-date=2021-10-06}}</ref>
* CGIAR {{visible anchor|Genebank Platform}}<ref name="Genebanks">{{cite web | title=CGIAR Genebank Platform | website=[[CGIAR Genebank Platform]] | url=http://www.genebanks.org/ | access-date=2021-10-06}}</ref>
* CGIAR {{visible anchor|Platform for Big Data in Agriculture}}<ref name="bigdata">{{cite web | title=CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture | website=[[CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture]] | date=2020-12-10 | url=http://bigdata.cgiar.org/ | access-date=2021-10-06}}</ref><ref name="Arnaud-et-al-2020">{{cite journal | last1=Arnaud | first1=Elizabeth | last2=Laporte | first2=Marie-Angélique | last3=Kim | first3=Soonho | last4=Aubert | first4=Céline | last5=Leonelli | first5=Sabina | last6=Miro | first6=Berta | last7=Cooper | first7=Laurel | last8=Jaiswal | first8=Pankaj | last9=Kruseman | first9=Gideon | last10=Shrestha | first10=Rosemary | last11=Buttigieg | first11=Pier Luigi | last12=Mungall | first12=Christopher J. | last13=Pietragalla | first13=Julian | last14=Agbona | first14=Afolabi | last15=Muliro | first15=Jacqueline | last16=Detras | first16=Jeffrey | last17=Hualla | first17=Vilma | last18=Rathore | first18=Abhishek | last19=Das | first19=Roma Rani | last20=Dieng | first20=Ibnou | last21=Bauchet | first21=Guillaume | last22=Menda | first22=Naama | last23=Pommier | first23=Cyril | last24=Shaw | first24=Felix | last25=Lyon | first25=David | last26=Mwanzia | first26=Leroy | last27=Juarez | first27=Henry | last28=Bonaiuti | first28=Enrico | last29=Chiputwa | first29=Brian | last30=Obileye | first30=Olatunbosun | last31=Auzoux | first31=Sandrine | last32=Yeumo | first32=Esther Dzalé | last33=Mueller | first33=Lukas A. | last34=Silverstein | first34=Kevin | last35=Lafargue | first35=Alexandra | last36=Antezana | first36=Erick | last37=Devare | first37=Medha | last38=King | first38=Brian | title=The Ontologies Community of Practice: A CGIAR Initiative for Big Data in Agrifood Systems | journal=[[Patterns (journal)|Patterns]] | volume=1 | issue=7 | year=2020 | issn=2666-3899 | doi=10.1016/j.patter.2020.100105 |pmc=7660444 | page=100105| pmid=33205138 }}</ref>
*CGIAR GENDER (Gender Equality in Food Systems Research) Platform<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home page|url=https://gender.cgiar.org/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=CGIAR Gender Platform|language=en}}</ref>