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Captive portal
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===Redirect by DNS=== When a client requests a resource on a remote host by name, [[Domain name system|DNS]] is queried to resolve that hostname. In a captive portal, the [[Firewall (computing)|firewall]] will make sure that only the DNS server(s) provided by the network's DHCP can be used by unauthenticated clients (or, alternatively, it will forward all DNS requests by unauthenticated clients to that DNS server). This DNS server will return the IP address of the captive portal page as a result of all DNS lookups. In order to perform redirection by DNS the captive portal uses [[DNS hijacking]] to perform an action similar to a [[man-in-the-middle attack]]. To limit the impact of DNS poisoning, a [[Time to live|TTL]] of 0 is typically used.
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