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Classical conditioning
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===Forward conditioning=== Learning is fastest in forward conditioning. During forward conditioning, the onset of the CS precedes the onset of the US in order to signal that the US will follow.<ref name="Chang_2004">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chang RC, Stout S, Miller RR |title=Comparing excitatory backward and forward conditioning |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. B, Comparative and Physiological Psychology |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=1β23 |date=January 2004 |pmid=14690847 |doi=10.1080/02724990344000015|s2cid=20155918 }}</ref><ref name="Chance_2008">{{cite book |vauthors=Chance P |title=Learning and Behavior. |location=Belmont/CA |publisher=Wadsworth |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-495-09564-4}}</ref>{{rp|69}} Two common forms of forward conditioning are delay and trace conditioning. * '''Delay conditioning''': In delay conditioning, the CS is presented and is overlapped by the presentation of the US. For example, if a person hears a buzzer for five seconds, during which time air is puffed into their eye, the person will blink. After several pairings of the buzzer and the puff, the person will blink at the sound of the buzzer alone. This is delay conditioning. * '''Trace conditioning''': During trace conditioning, the CS and US do not overlap. Instead, the CS begins and ends before the US is presented. The stimulus-free period is called the ''trace interval'' or the ''conditioning interval''. If in the above buzzer example, the puff came a second after the sound of the buzzer stopped, that would be trace conditioning, with a trace or conditioning interval of one second. [[File:Forward Conditioning.svg]]
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