Editing Classical planet (section)

==Planetary hours==
{{main|Planetary hours|Names of the days of the week}}
The [[Ptolemaic system]] used in [[ancient Greek astronomy]] placed the planets by order of proximity to Earth in the then-current [[geocentric model]], closest to furthest, as the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.<ref>{{cite journal |title= The Arabic version of Ptolemy's planetary hypothesis |first= Bernard R. |last= Goldstein |page= 6 |journal= Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |date= 1967 |volume= 57 |issue= pt. 4 |doi= 10.2307/1006040 |jstor= 1006040}}</ref> In addition the day was divided into seven-hour intervals, each ruled by one of the planets, although the order was staggered (see below).

The first hour of each day was named after the ruling planet, giving rise to the names and order of the [[names of the days of the week|Roman seven-day week]]. Modern Latin-based cultures, in general, directly inherited the days of the week from the Romans and they were named after the classical planets; for example, in Spanish ''Miércoles'' is Mercury, and in French ''mardi'' is Mars-day.

The modern English days of the week were mostly inherited from gods of the old Germanic Norse culture – Wednesday is ''[[Odin|Wōden]]''’s-day (''Wōden'' or ''Wettin'' eqv. Mercury), Thursday is ''[[Thor]]''’s-day (Thor eqv. Jupiter), Friday is ''[[Frigg|Frige]]''-day (Frige eqv. Venus).  Equivalence here is by the gods' roles; for instance, Venus and Frige were both goddesses of love. It can be correlated that the Norse gods were attributed to each Roman planet and its god, probably due to Roman influence rather than coincidentally by the naming of the planets.  A vestige of the Roman convention remains in the English name Saturday.

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Weekday||Planet
!Greek god||colspan="2"|Germanic god||Weekday
|-
!<small>French name</small>||<small>Roman god</small>
!<small>[[Greek mythology|Greek]] name</small>||<small>[[Old Norse|Norse]] name</small>||<small>[[Old English|Saxon]] name</small>||<small>English name</small>
|-
|dimanche||[[Sol (Roman mythology)|Sol]]
|[[Helios]]||[[Sól (Germanic mythology)|Sól]]||Sunne||Sunday
|-
|lundi||[[Luna (goddess)|Luna]]
|[[Selene]]||[[Máni]]||Mōnda||Monday
|-
|mardi||[[Mars (mythology)|Mars]]
|[[Ares]]||[[Týr]]||Tīw||Tuesday
|-
|mercredi||[[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]]
|[[Hermes]]||[[Óðinn]]||Wōden / Wettin||Wednesday
|-
|jeudi||[[Jupiter (god)|Jupiter]]
|[[Zeus]]||[[Þórr]]||Thunor||Thursday
|-
|vendredi||[[Venus (mythology)|Venus]]
|[[Aphrodite]]||[[Frigg]]||Frige||Friday
|-
|samedi||[[Saturn (mythology)|Saturn]]
|[[Cronus]]||[[Njörðr]]<ref name="VIGFÚSSON456">Vigfússon (1874:456).</ref>||Njord<ref name="VIGFÚSSON456"/>||Saturday
|}