Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Close back unrounded vowel
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==References== {{refbegin|30em}} *{{cite journal |title=Aspectos do sistema fonológico de Arara (Karib) |doi=10.1590/S1981-81222013000200003 |year=2013 |journal=Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas |first=Ana Carolina Ferreira |last=Alves |volume=8 |issue=2|pages=265–277 |doi-access=free |url=https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/3940/394035000003.pdf }} * {{cite journal |last1=Asu |first1=Eva Liina |last2=Teras |first2=Pire |year=2009 |title=Estonian |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=367–372 |doi=10.1017/s002510030999017x |doi-access=free }} * {{citation |last1=Bauer |first1=Laurie |last2=Warren |first2=Paul |year=2004 |chapter=New Zealand English: phonology |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Edgar W. |editor2-last=Burridge |editor2-first=Kate |editor3-last=Kortmann |editor3-first=Bernd |editor4-last=Mesthrie |editor4-first=Rajend |editor5-last=Upton |editor5-first=Clive |title=A handbook of varieties of English |volume=1: Phonology |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |pages=580–602 |isbn=3-11-017532-0 }} * {{citation |last=Bowerman |first=Sean |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Edgar W. |editor2-last=Burridge |editor2-first=Kate |editor3-last=Kortmann |editor3-first=Bernd |editor4-last=Mesthrie |editor4-first=Rajend |editor5-last=Upton |editor5-first=Clive |year=2004 |title=A handbook of varieties of English |chapter=White South African English: phonology |volume=1: Phonology |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |pages=931–942 |isbn=3-11-017532-0 }} * {{citation |last=Cruz-Ferreira |first=Madalena |year=1995 |title=European Portuguese |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=90–94 |doi=10.1017/S0025100300005223 |s2cid=249414876 }} *{{cite journal|title=Fonologia Katukina-Kanamari|first=Zoraide|last=dos Anjos|year=2012|journal=LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas|volume=12|issue=1|pages=123–156 |doi=10.20396/liames.v0i12.1486|doi-access=free}} * {{citation |last1=Ghaffarvand-Mokari |first1=Payam |last2=Werner |first2=Stefan |year=2016 |title=An acoustic description of spectral and temporal characteristics of Azerbaijani vowels |journal=Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics |volume=52 |issue=3 |doi=10.1515/psicl-2016-0019 |s2cid=151826061 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305567394}} * {{citation |last1=Göksel |first1=Asli |last2=Kerslake |first2=Celia |year=2005 |title=Turkish: a comprehensive grammar |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0415114943 }} * {{citation |last=Gordon |first=Matthew J. |year=2004 |chapter=New York, Philadelphia, and other northern cities: phonology |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Edgar W. |editor2-last=Burridge |editor2-first=Kate |editor3-last=Kortmann |editor3-first=Bernd |editor4-last=Mesthrie |editor4-first=Rajend |editor5-last=Upton |editor5-first=Clive |title=A handbook of varieties of English |volume=1: Phonology |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |pages=282–299 |isbn=3-11-017532-0 }} * {{Citation |author=International Phonetic Association |year=1999 |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-65236-7 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Kiliç |first1=Mehmet Akif |last2=Öğüt |first2=Fatih |title=A high unrounded vowel in Turkish: is it a central or back vowel? |journal=Speech Communication |date=June 2004 |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=143–154 |doi=10.1016/j.specom.2004.03.001 }} * {{citation |last=Labrune |first=Laurence |year=2012 |title=The Phonology of Japanese |publisher=Oxford University Press |place=Oxford, England |isbn=978-0-19-954583-4 }} * {{citation |last=Ladefoged |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Ladefoged |year=1999 |chapter=American English |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=41–44 }} * {{citation |last=Lee |first=Hyun Bok |year=1999 |chapter=Korean |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=120–123 |isbn=0-521-63751-1 }} * {{citation |last=Okada |first=Hideo |year=1999 |chapter=Japanese |editor=International Phonetic Association |editor-link=International Phonetic Association |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet |pages=117–119 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-52163751-0 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rosettaproject_jpn_phon-2 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Tingsabadh |first1=M.R. Kalaya |last2=Abramson |first2=Arthur S. |year= 1993 |title=Thai |journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=24–26 |doi=10.1017/S0025100300004746 |s2cid=242001518 }} *{{cite thesis |first=Eduardo A. |last=Vasconcelos |year=2013 |doi=10.47749/T/UNICAMP.2013.929939 |type=PhD |publisher=[[University of Campinas]] |title=Investigando a hipótese Cayapó do Sul-Panará |place=Campinas |hdl=20.500.12733/1622968 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free }} * {{Accents of English|hide1=y|hide2=y}} * {{citation |last1=Zimmer |first1=Karl |last2=Orgun |first2=Orhan |year=1999 |chapter=Turkish |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-65236-7 |pages=154–158 |chapter-url=http://www.uta.edu/faculty/cmfitz/swnal/projects/CoLang/courses/Transcription/rosettaproject_tur_phon-2.pdf |access-date=2015-11-20 |archive-date=2018-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725111322/http://www.uta.edu/faculty/cmfitz/swnal/projects/CoLang/courses/Transcription/rosettaproject_tur_phon-2.pdf |url-status=dead }} {{refend}}
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)