Editing Cognitive tutor (section)

=== Cognitive Tutors ===

Cognitive Tutors provide step-by-step guidance as a learner develops a complex problem-solving skill through practice.<ref>{{cite journal|author=VanLehn, K.|year=2006|title=The behavior of tutoring systems|journal=International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education|volume=16|issue=3|pages=227–265|url=http://www.learnlab.org/opportunities/summer/readings/06IJAIED.pdf}}</ref> Typically, cognitive tutors provide such forms of support as: (a) a problem-solving environment that is designed rich and "thinking visible"; (b) step-by-step feedback on student performance; (c) feedback messages specific to errors; (d) context-specific next-step hints at student's request, and (e) individualized problem selection.<ref name="Aleven, 2010"/>

Cognitive Tutors accomplish two of the principal tasks characteristic of human tutoring: (1) monitors the student's performance and providing context-specific individual instruction, and (2) monitors the student's learning and selects appropriate problem-solving activities.<ref name="Koedinger">{{cite book|author=Koedinger, K.R.|author2=Corbett, A.T.|year=2006|chapter=Cognitive tutors: Technology bringing learning sciences to the classroom|editor=Sawyer, R.K.|title=The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=New York|url=http://learnlab.org/uploads/mypslc/publications/koedingercorbett06.pdf}}</ref>

Both cognitive model and two underlying algorithms, model tracing and knowledge tracing, are used to monitor the student's learning. In model tracing, the cognitive tutor uses the cognitive model in complex problems to follow the student's individual path and provide prompt accuracy feedback and context-specific advice. In knowledge tracing, the cognitive tutor uses a [[Bayesian Knowledge Tracing]] method of evaluating the student's knowledge and uses this student model to select appropriate problems for each student.<ref name="Koedinger"/>