Editing Coloureds (section)

====Colony of Natal/Natal province====

[[File:Coloured-Community-of-Nongoma-KwaZulu-Natal-Christmas-Day-early-1900s.png|thumb|Coloured community of Nongoma, Natal on Christmas Day in the early 1900s]]

Another phase of interracial marriages/miscegenation in South Africa happened in the [[Colony of Natal]] (present-day [[KwaZulu-Natal]]) during the 19th century and early 20th century.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1177/2158244016673873 | title=Racialism and Representation in the Rainbow Nation | date=2016 | last1=Palmer | first1=Fileve T. | journal=SAGE Open | volume=6 | issue=4 | doi-access=free }}</ref> This time, it was mainly between the [[British people|British]] and the [[Zulu people|Zulu]] with an addition of British intermixing with [[Indian South Africans|Indians]] and the arrival of immigrants from [[St Helena]], and [[Mauritius]] that married locally.<ref name="aaregistry.org"/> To a certain extent, miscegenation in Natal also involved the Irish, German, Norwegian and the [[Xhosa people|Xhosa]].<ref name="aaregistry.org"/>

Blood group phenotype and gene frequency studies showed that the Natal Coloured population contains a mixture of approximately 40% Black, 30% White and 30% Indian (Asian) genes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Moores |first1=Phyllis |last2=Vaaja |first2=Ulla |last3=Smart |first3=Elizabeth |date=1991 |title=D__ andDc_ Gene Complexes in the Coloureds and Blacks of Natal and the Eastern Cape and Blood Group Phenotype and Gene Frequency Studies in the Natal Coloured Population |url=https://karger.com/HHE/article/doi/10.1159/000154016 |journal=Human Heredity |language=en |volume=41 |issue=5 |pages=295–304 |doi=10.1159/000154016 |pmid=1778605 |issn=1423-0062|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

After the Boer republic [[Natalia Republic|Natalia]] was annexed by the British rulers, it became the [[Colony of Natal|Natal]] in 1845. When the British started settling in Natal from the mid-19th century, they established sugarcane plantations especially in the coastal regions ([[Durban]], [[KwaDukuza|Stanger]] etc.) and these plantations required intensive labour as well.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sugarvillage.co.za/news/A-Brief-History-of-Durbans-Sugar-Cane | title=A Brief History of Durban's Sugar Cane }}</ref> Struggling to find labour from the local [[Zulu people|Zulu]], the British decided to import thousands of labourers from India to work on the sugarcane plantations of Natal.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/indian-indentured-labour-natal-1860-1911 | title=Indian Indentured Labour in Natal 1860-1911 {{pipe}} South African History Online }}</ref>

Just like the Dutch settlers in the Cape, most of the British settlers in Natal were men, therefore, many of them married Zulu women while some married Indian women and mixed-race children were also conceived and eventually, multiracial people in Natal became 'Natal Coloureds'.<ref name="Palmer-2015">{{cite web | url=https://www.academia.edu/70281903 | title=Through a Coloured lens: Post-Apartheid identity formation amongst Coloureds in KZN | date=January 2015 | last1=Palmer | first1=Fileve | p=71 }}</ref> Sometimes the White administrators who had fathered children from Zulu women would put their mixed-race children in the care of Coloured families in the area.<ref name="Palmer-2015"/> Other times it was the African woman that conceived a mixed-race child from 'Umlungu' (a white person) that initiated giving up the child.<ref name="Palmer-2015"/> In this way, interracial unions and marriages became common and a separate community grew. The descendants of all these interracial unions remain in [[Nongoma]], [[Eshowe]], [[Mandeni]], [[Mangete]], [[Nqabeni]], [[Umuziwabantu]], and [[iziNqolwene]].<ref name="Palmer-2015"/>

[[File:John Dunn.webp|thumb|John Robert Dunn, the white Zulu chief with 48 Zulu wives and 118 mixed race children]]

Some of the British men with interracial marriages in Natal practised polygamy, having multiple Zulu wives while others had multiple Zulu concubines.<ref name="academia.edu"/> The perfect example of this is [[John Robert Dunn]], a white trader with Scottish parents who became a Zulu chief with 48 Zulu wives and 118 mixed race children; and most of his mixed-race descendants (who became 'Coloureds' in Natal) still live in present-day [[KwaZulu-Natal]].<ref>https://acearchive.org/john-robert-dunn</ref> Another British man who practised polygamy was [[Henry Francis Fynn|Henry Fynn]] who had four Zulu wives and multiple mixed-race children.<ref>https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/5e1a0e77-5ac6-46d6-bc02-8b6c29c47f79/content</ref> Although [[Henry Ogle]] (a British trader from [[Yorkshire]]) married an English wife named Janie and had a son named Henry, he also fathered multiple mixed-race children with his Zulu concubines at his kraal near [[Umkomaas]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.1820settlers.com/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I114401 | title=Henry Ogle, 1820 Settler b. 1800 Yorkshire, England d. 20 Feb 1860 Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa: British 1820 Settlers to South Africa }}</ref>