Editing Computational intelligence (section)

=== Neural networks ===
An important field of CI is the development of [[artificial neural network]]s (ANN) based on the [[Biological neural network|biological ones]], which can be defined by three main components: the cell-body which processes the information, the axon, which is a device enabling the signal conducting, and the synapse, which controls signals.<ref name=":23">{{Cite book |last=Engelbrecht |first=Andries P. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/133465571 |title=Computational Intelligence: An Introduction |date=2007 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-470-03561-0 |edition=2nd |location=Chichester, England ; Hoboken, NJ |pages=5–7 |language=en |chapter=Artificial Neural Networks |oclc=133465571}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Eberhart |first1=Russell C. |url= |title=Computational Intelligence: Concepts to Implementations |last2=Shi |first2=Yuhui |date=2007 |publisher=Elsevier/Morgan Kaufmann Publishers |isbn=978-1-55860-759-0 |location=Amsterdam ; Boston |pages=4–6 |language=en |chapter=Biological Basis for Neural Networks |doi=10.1016/B978-1-55860-759-0.X5000-8 |oclc=136781819}}</ref> Therefore, ANNs are very well suited for distributed information processing systems, enabling the process and the learning from experiential data.<ref name="Siddique_NN2">{{Cite book |last1=Siddique |first1=N. H. |title=Computational intelligence: synergies of fuzzy logic, neural networks, and evolutionary computing |last2=Adeli |first2=Hojjat |date=2013 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons Inc |isbn=978-1-118-53481-6 |location=Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom |pages=5 |chapter=Neural Networks}}</ref><ref name=":24">{{Cite journal |last1=Stergiou |first1=Christos |last2=Siganos |first2=Dimitrios |title=Neural Networks |url=http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~nd/surprise_96/journal/vol4/cs11/report.html |url-status=dead |journal=SURPRISE 96 Journal |publisher=[[Imperial College London]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091216110504/http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~nd/surprise_96/journal/vol4/cs11/report.html |archive-date=December 16, 2009 |access-date=March 11, 2015}}</ref> ANNs aim to mimic cognitive processes of the human brain. The main advantages of this technology therefore include fault tolerance, pattern recognition even with noisy images and the ability to learn.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":24" />

Concerning its applications, neural networks can be classified into five groups: [[data analysis]] and [[Data classification (data management)|classification]], [[Content-addressable memory|associative memory]], [[data clustering]] or [[Data compression|compression]], generation of patterns, and [[control system]]s.<ref name=":25">{{Cite book |last1=Eberhart |first1=Russell C. |url= |title=Computational Intelligence: Concepts to Implementations |last2=Shi |first2=Yuhui |date=2007 |publisher=Elsevier/Morgan Kaufmann Publishers |isbn=978-1-55860-759-0 |location=Amsterdam ; Boston |pages=12–13 |language=en |chapter=Neural Networks |doi=10.1016/B978-1-55860-759-0.X5000-8 |oclc=136781819}}</ref><ref name="Siddique_NN2" /><ref name=":23" /> The numerous applications include, for example, the analysis and classification of medical data, including the creation of [[Medical diagnosis|diagnoses]], [[speech recognition]], [[data mining]], [[Digital image processing|image processing]], [[forecasting]], [[robot control]], credit approval, pattern recognition, [[Face detection|face]] and fraud detection and dealing with nonlinearities of a system in order to control it.<ref name=":23" /><ref name="Siddique_NN2" /><ref name=":25" /> ANNs have the latter area of application and data clustering in common with fuzzy logic. Generative systems based on deep learning and convolutional neural networks, such as [[chatGPT]] or [[DeepL Translator|DeepL]], are a relatively new field of application.