Editing Congestion pricing (section)

==== London ====
{{main article|London congestion charge}}
[[File:London Congestion Charge, Old Street, England.jpg|thumb|right|At Old Street, street markings and a sign (inset) with the white-on-red C alert drivers to the congestion charge, [[London]].]]
A proposal by former Mayor of London [[Ken Livingstone]] would have resulted in a new pricing structure based on potential CO<sub>2</sub> emission rates by October 2008.<ref>{{cite web |title=CO<sub>2</sub> charging |author=Transport for London
 |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/7394.aspx |access-date=2008-04-06 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080403045509/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/7394.aspx |archive-date = April 3, 2008 }}</ref>  Livingstone's successor as Mayor of London, [[Boris Johnson]], announced in July 2008 that the new CO<sub>2</sub> charging structure will no longer be implemented.<ref name="BBOct08">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7494495.stm| title=Mayor quashes £25 C-charge hike |work=BBC News |date=2008-07-08|access-date=2008-08-16}}</ref> Johnson decided to remove the 2007 Western Extension from the congestion charging zone beginning on January 4, 2011, to increase the basic charge to {{£|10}}, and also to introduce an automated payment system called Congestion Charging Auto Pay (CC Auto Pay), which will charge vehicles based on the number of charging days a vehicle travels within the charging zone each month, and the drivers of these vehicles will pay a reduced {{£|9}} daily charge.<ref name=TfL2011>{{cite web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/17094.aspx|title=Consultation results|publisher=[[Transport for London]]|access-date=2010-12-06}}</ref> In November 2012 [[Transport for London]] (TfL) presented a proposal to abolish the Greener Vehicle Discount,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20400740|title=Congestion charge greener vehicles rule change planned|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2012-12-11|access-date=2012-11-20}}</ref> and the Ultra Low Emission Discount (ULED) went into effect on 1 July 2013, limiting the free access to the congestion charge zone to selected vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greencarcongress.com/2013/04/uled-20130424.html|title=London to introduce new Ulta Low Emission Discount for Congestion Charge scheme; countering dieselization|publisher=[[Green Car Congress]]|date=2013-04-24|access-date=2013-04-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/apr/24/pollution|title=London tightens up congestion charge in attempt to drive out diesel |work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2013-04-24|access-date=2013-04-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-23125082|title=New green discount for the congestion charge comes in|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2013-07-01|access-date=2013-07-02}}</ref> There has been criticism because during the first ten years since the scheme was implemented, gross revenue reached about £2.6&nbsp;billion, but only £1.2&nbsp;billion has been invested, meaning that 54% of gross revenues have been spent in operating the system and administrative expenses.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/transport/congestion-charge-has-cost-drivers-26bn-in-decade-but-failed-to-cut-traffic-jams-8496627.html|title=Congestion Charge 'has cost drivers £2.6bn in decade but failed to cut traffic jams' |author=Ross Lydall |work=[[London Evening Standard]]|date=2013-02-15|access-date=2015-02-15}}</ref>

A new toxicity charge, known as T-charge was introduced from 23 October 2017. Older and more polluting cars and vans that do not meet [[European emission standards#Toxic emission: stages and legal framework|Euro 4 standards]] will have to pay an extra £10 charge within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ).<ref name=TCharge>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/17/london-to-introduce-vehicle-pollution-charge-in-october-says-mayor-sadiq-khan |title=London to introduce £10 vehicle pollution charge, says Sadiq Khan | first=Rowena |last=Mason | work=[[The Guardian]] | date=2017-02-17 | access-date=2017-02-24}}</ref><ref name=TCharge02>{{cite news | url=http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/car-news/consumer-news/95559/london-introduces-new-10-t-charge-to-cut-vehicle-pollution |title=London introduces new £10 'T-charge' to cut vehicle pollution | first= Martin |last=Saarinen | work=[[Auto Express]] | date=2017-02-17 | access-date=2017-02-24 }}</ref>  On 8 April 2019, the T-charge was expanded into the [[Ultra Low Emission Zone]] (ULEZ).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-47815117|title=London's new pollution charge begins|date=2019-04-08|access-date=2019-04-08|language=en-GB}}</ref>

[[File:Milan Area C Porta Ticinese gate trimmed.jpg|thumb|200px|Entrance to [[Milan Area C]]]]