Editing Countersteering (section)

===Gyroscopic effects===
One effect of turning the front wheel is a roll [[Moment (physics)|moment]] caused by gyroscopic [[precession]]. The magnitude of this moment is proportional to the [[moment of inertia]] of the front wheel, its spin rate (forward motion), the rate that the rider turns the front wheel by applying a torque to the handlebars, and the [[Trigonometric function#cosine|cosine]] of the angle between the steering axis and the vertical.<ref name="Cossalter" />

For a sample motorcycle moving at 22&nbsp;m/s (50&nbsp;mph) that has a front wheel with a moment of inertia of 0.6&nbsp;kgm<sup>2</sup>, turning the front wheel one degree in half a second generates a roll moment of 3.5&nbsp;Nm. In comparison, the lateral force on the front tire as it tracks out from under the motorcycle reaches a maximum of 50&nbsp;N. This, acting on the 0.6&nbsp;m (2&nbsp;ft) height of the center of mass, generates a roll moment of 30&nbsp;Nm.<ref name="Cossalter" />

While the moment from gyroscopic forces is only 12% of this, it can play a significant part because it begins to act as soon as the rider applies the torque, instead of building up more slowly as the wheel out-tracks. This can be especially helpful in [[motorcycle racing]].<ref name="Cossalter"/>