Editing Cuiabá (section)

== Geography ==

[[File:Cuiabá - State of Mato Grosso, Brazil - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|[[Chapada dos Guimarães National Park]], located entirely within the municipality of Cuiabá]]
[[File:Prefeitura de Cuiabá.jpg|thumb|right|Cuiabá [[City Hall]].]]
[[File:Igreja do Bom Despacho3 (Cuiaba).jpg|thumb|right|Church of Our Lady of Good Dispatch (''Igreja da Nossa Senhora de Bom Despacho'')]]
[[File:Ponte_Sérgio_Motta_em_26_de_fevereiro_de_2018.jpg|thumb|Sergio Motta Bridge with Cuiabá in the background|alt=]]

Cuiabá borders the towns of [[Chapada dos Guimarães]], Campo Verde, [[Santo Antônio do Leverger]], [[Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso|Várzea Grande]], [[Jangada]] and Acorizal. The city is an intersection of many major roads and waterways. However, on account of sand banks along the river, these waterways no longer support medium or large ships.

The third most important [[airport]] of the Brazilian Mid-West region is located in Cuiabá, and the city is the centre of an important and productive agricultural region. It is famous throughout Brazil as one of the country's hottest cities, where temperatures are often above 40&nbsp;°C (104&nbsp;°F).

In central Cuiabá, an [[obelisk]] marks the exact center of the South American continent, as calculated in 1909.  However, more accurate measurements in the 1990s located the exact center about {{convert|45|km|mi}} northeast of Cuiabá, near the town of [[Chapada dos Guimarães]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cntraveler.com/stories/2014-10-27/the-center-of-south-america-is-in-two-different-spots-here-s-why|title=The Center of South America Is in Two Different Spots—Here's Why|date=27 October 2014|access-date=29 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150803233014/http://www.cntraveler.com/stories/2014-10-27/the-center-of-south-america-is-in-two-different-spots-here-s-why|archive-date=3 August 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

The town sits in a transition zone between three of the most characteristic Brazilian ecosystems: [[Amazon biome|Amazon]], [[Cerrado]] and [[Pantanal]]. It is also close to the mountain range known as [[Chapada dos Guimarães]] (which blocks polar masses and causes the extremely hot weather) and the city is also known as the Southern gate to the Amazon.

The municipality contains 11% of the {{convert|3534|ha}} [[Rio da Casca Ecological Station]], a strictly protected conservation unit created in 1994.<ref>{{citation|ref={{harvid|ESEC do Rio da Casca – ISA}}|language=pt|title=ESEC do Rio da Casca|publisher=ISA: Instituto Socioambiental|url=https://uc.socioambiental.org/uc/5331|access-date=2016-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101233100/http://uc.socioambiental.org/uc/5331|archive-date=2015-11-01|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Climate===
Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], Cuiabá has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: Aw). Cuiabá is famous for its searing heat, although temperatures in winter can sometimes drop to {{convert|10|C|F|disp=or}}. This is atypical, caused by cold fronts coming in from the south, and may only last one or two consecutive days then returning to the usual heat. The climate is tropical and humid. Rainfall is concentrated from October to April, the mass of dry air over the center of Brazil inhibiting the rain formation from May to September. The cold fronts dissipates the heat associated with the smoke produced by fires during the dry season. The relative humidity drops to very low levels, sometimes below 15%, increasing cases of respiratory diseases. The average annual rainfall is {{convert|1351.1|mm|in|disp=or}}, with maximum intensity from December to March. The mean maximum temperature reaches {{convert|34|C|F|1|disp=or}}, but the absolute maximum can reach {{convert|40|°C|disp=or}} in hotter months but is muffled on rainy days, when the maximum temperature is typically only {{convert|28|C|F|1|disp=or}}. The average low in July, the coldest month is {{convert|16.6|C|F}} with wind chill of {{convert|10|C|F}}.<ref>[http://www.weather-forecast.com/locations/Cuiaba/forecasts/latest Temperature in Cuiabá] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221222937/http://www.weather-forecast.com/locations/Cuiaba/forecasts/latest |date=2014-02-21 }} {{in lang|en}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Cuiaba (1981–2010)
|width = auto
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 38.2
| Feb record high C = 37.4
| Mar record high C = 37.6
| Apr record high C = 38.1
| May record high C = 36.4
| Jun record high C = 37.2
| Jul record high C = 38.4
| Aug record high C = 42.2
| Sep record high C = 44.0
| Oct record high C = 44.2
| Nov record high C = 41.1
| Dec record high C = 42.4
|year record high C = 44.2
| Jan high C = 32.6
| Feb high C = 32.8
| Mar high C = 32.9
| Apr high C = 33.0
| May high C = 31.4
| Jun high C = 31.3
| Jul high C = 32.0
| Aug high C = 34.1
| Sep high C = 34.3
| Oct high C = 34.3
| Nov high C = 33.6
| Dec high C = 32.9
|year high C = 33.0
| Jan mean C = 27.0
| Feb mean C = 26.9
| Mar mean C = 26.8
| Apr mean C = 26.6
| May mean C = 24.7
| Jun mean C = 23.5
| Jul mean C = 23.4
| Aug mean C = 25.3
| Sep mean C = 26.8
| Oct mean C = 27.9
| Nov mean C = 27.5
| Dec mean C = 27.2
|year mean C = 26.1 
| Jan low C = 23.6
| Feb low C = 23.4
| Mar low C = 23.3
| Apr low C = 22.7
| May low C = 20.1
| Jun low C = 18.0
| Jul low C = 17.1
| Aug low C = 18.6
| Sep low C = 21.1
| Oct low C = 23.2
| Nov low C = 23.4
| Dec low C = 23.5
|year low C = 21.5
| Jan record low C = 20.5
| Feb record low C = 19.2
| Mar record low C = 15.4
| Apr record low C = 13.8
| May record low C = 9.1
| Jun record low C = 7.4
| Jul record low C = 4.8
| Aug record low C = 7.6
| Sep record low C = 10.5
| Oct record low C = 13.3
| Nov record low C = 14.7
| Dec record low C = 16.2
|year record low C = 4.8
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 247.5
| Feb precipitation mm = 220.4
| Mar precipitation mm = 217.5
| Apr precipitation mm = 117.8
| May precipitation mm = 50.4
| Jun precipitation mm = 19.4
| Jul precipitation mm = 16.0
| Aug precipitation mm = 22.1
| Sep precipitation mm = 51.3
| Oct precipitation mm = 114.0
| Nov precipitation mm = 172.9
| Dec precipitation mm = 205.2
|year precipitation mm = 1454.5
| Jan humidity = 81.7
| Feb humidity = 82.4
| Mar humidity = 82.7
| Apr humidity = 80.0
| May humidity = 78.1
| Jun humidity = 73.8
| Jul humidity = 68.5
| Aug humidity = 61.3
| Sep humidity = 63.7
| Oct humidity = 70.3
| Nov humidity = 75.7
| Dec humidity = 78.1
|year humidity = 74.7
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 17
| Feb precipitation days = 14
| Mar precipitation days = 15
| Apr precipitation days = 10
| May precipitation days = 4
| Jun precipitation days = 1
| Jul precipitation days = 1
| Aug precipitation days = 2
| Sep precipitation days = 4
| Oct precipitation days = 8
| Nov precipitation days = 11
| Dec precipitation days = 15
|year precipitation days = 
| Jan sun = 155.6
| Feb sun = 149.6
| Mar sun = 179.5
| Apr sun = 209.0
| May sun = 216.7
| Jun sun = 200.7
| Jul sun = 241.8
| Aug sun = 226.7
| Sep sun = 163.4
| Oct sun = 188.4
| Nov sun = 181.9
| Dec sun = 157.6
|year sun = 2270.9
|source 1 = [[Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia]]<ref name=INMET>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190922133747/http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima%2Fnormaisclimatologicas
| archive-date = 22 September 2019
| url = http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima/normaisclimatologicas
| title = Normais Climatológicas Do Brasil 1961–1990
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 23 September 2019
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=83361&ano=2023&mes=10&day=20&hora=11&min=0&ndays=30|title= 83361: Cuiaba (Brazil)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 20 October 2023|website=ogimet.com |publisher=OGIMET |access-date= 9 November 2023|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=83361&ano=2023&mes=12&day=17&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30|title= 83361: Cuiaba (Brazil)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 16 December 2023|website=ogimet.com |publisher=OGIMET |access-date= 19 December 2023|quote=}}</ref>
| date=July 2013}}

===Vegetation===

The [[Massairo Okamura State Park]] provides a green space with typical [[cerrado]] vegetation in the centre of a highly urbanized area.
It helps preserve the headwaters of the Barbado and Moinho streams.<ref>{{citation|ref={{harvid|PES Massairo Okamura – ISA}}|language=pt
 |title=PES Massairo Okamura|publisher=ISA: Instituto Socioambiental
 |url=https://uc.socioambiental.org/uc/4436|access-date=2016-08-01}}</ref>
The {{convert|66|ha}} [[Zé Bolo Flô State Park]] is in the Grande Coxipó district.<ref>{{citation|ref={{harvid|Parque Municipal da Saude ... Cuiabá Municipality}}|language=pt|title=Parque Municipal da Saude - Parque Zé Bolo Flor|publisher=Cuiabá Municipality|url=http://www.camaracba.mt.gov.br/index.php?pag=tur_item&id=30|access-date=2016-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221201703/http://www.camaracba.mt.gov.br/index.php?pag=tur_item&id=30|archive-date=2016-12-21|url-status=live}}</ref>
The city also includes the {{convert|77|ha}} [[Mãe Bonifácia State Park]], created in 2000, also with typical cerrado trees.<ref>{{citation|language=pt|publisher=Conhecendo MT|last=Von Eye|first=Gabriela|title=Parque Mãe Bonifácia: uma pequena floresta dentro de Cuiabá|date=7 January 2013|url=http://conhecendomt.com.br/parque-m%C3%A3e-bonif%C3%A1ciauma-pequena-floresta-dentro-de-cuiab%C3%A1/|access-date=2016-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220074033/http://conhecendomt.com.br/parque-m%C3%A3e-bonif%C3%A1ciauma-pequena-floresta-dentro-de-cuiab%C3%A1/|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
Cerrado includes various types of vegetation. It is characterized by extensive savanna formations crossed by gallery forests and stream valleys. Humid fields and "buriti" palm paths are found where the water table is near the surface. Alpine pastures occur at higher altitudes and mesophytic forests on more [[fertile soil]]s.

"Cerrado" trees have characteristic twisted trunks covered by a thick bark, and leaves which are usually broad and rigid. Many herbaceous plants have extensive roots to store water and nutrients. The plant's thick bark and roots serve as adaptations for the periodic fires which sweep the cerrado landscape. These adaptations protect the plants from destruction and make them capable of sprouting again after the fire.

===Distances===
From São Paulo - {{convert|1690|km|mi|abbr=on}}
From Rio de Janeiro - {{convert|2090|km|mi|abbr=on}}
From Brasília - {{convert|1130|km|mi|abbr=on}}