Editing Diuresis (section)

==Immersion diuresis==

Immersion diuresis is caused by immersion of the body in water (or equivalent liquid). It is mainly caused by lower temperature and by pressure.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bourne |first=Geoffrey H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ktjWAgAAQBAJ&q=immersion+diuresis&pg=PA503 |title=Physiology |date=2013-10-22 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=9781483257358 |access-date=2015-05-11}}</ref>

The ''temperature'' component is caused by water drawing heat away from the body and causing [[vasoconstriction]] of the cutaneous [[blood vessel]]s within the body to conserve heat.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Graveline DE, Jackson MM |date=May 1962 |title=Diuresis associated with prolonged water immersion |journal=J Appl Physiol |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=519–24 |doi=10.1152/jappl.1962.17.3.519 |pmid=13901268}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Epstein M |date=June 1984 |title=Water immersion and the kidney: implications for volume regulation |journal=Undersea Biomedical Research |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–21 |pmid=6567431}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Knight DR, Horvath SM |date=May 1990 |title=Immersion diuresis occurs independently of water temperatures in the range 25 degrees-35 degrees C |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2726/2356595.pdf?sequence=1 |url-status=usurped |journal=Undersea Biomedical Research |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=255–6 |pmid=2356595 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926061624/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2726/2356595.pdf?sequence=1 |archive-date=September 26, 2012 |access-date=2008-07-04}}</ref> The body detects an increase in the [[blood pressure]] and inhibits the release of [[vasopressin]] (also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH)), causing an increase in the production of [[urine]]. The ''pressure'' component is caused by the [[Hydrostatics#Hydrostatic pressure|hydrostatic pressure]] of the water directly increasing blood pressure. Its significance is indicated by the fact that the temperature of the water does not substantially affect the rate of diuresis.<ref name="bath">{{Cite web |title=Rheumatism, Hypertension, Ascites, and Hot Mineral Baths |url=http://www.ralphmag.org/bath.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415163440/http://www.ralphmag.org/bath.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=April 15, 2013 |access-date=2015-05-11 |publisher=Ralphmag.org}}</ref> Partial immersion of only the limbs does not cause increased urination. Thus, the [[Urination#Voluntary control|hand in warm water trick]] (immersing the hand of a sleeping person in water to make them urinate) has no support from the mechanism of immersion diuresis. On the other hand, sitting up to the neck in a pool for a few hours clearly increases the excretion of water, salts, and urea.<ref name=bath/>