Editing East Java (section)

=== European colonization ===
The relationship between the Javanese and European colonial powers began in 1522, with the signing of a treaty between the Sunda Kingdom and the [[Portuguese Empire]] in [[Malacca]]. After the failure of the treaty, the Portuguese presence was then limited to Malacca in the [[Malay Peninsula]] and the [[Maluku Islands]]. An expedition under the leadership of the Dutch explorer [[Cornelis de Houtman]] consisting of four ships in 1596 became the beginning of Dutch presence in the island.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Globe Encompassed: The Age of European Discovery, 1500–1700 |author=Ames, Glenn J. |year=2008 |page=99}}</ref> At the end of the 18th century, the [[Dutch Empire|Dutch]] had succeeded in expanding their influence on the Islamic sultanates in the interior of the island of Java.

At the onset of the [[Napoleonic Wars]], the [[Invasion of Java (1811)|British conquered Java]] in 1811. Java briefly became part of the [[British Empire]], with Sir [[Stamford Raffles]] as its Governor-General. In 1814, Britain returned Java to the Netherlands as stipulated in the [[Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Coins And Tokens Of The Possessions And Colonies Of The British Empire |last=Atkins |first=James |publisher=Quaritch, Bernard |year=1889 |location=London |pages=213}}</ref>