Editing Elephant and Castle (section)

=== Medieval and early modern ===
Known previously as Newington (Newington Butts and Newington Causeway are two of the principal roads of the area), in the medieval period it was part of rural [[Surrey]], in the manor of [[Walworth]]. This is listed in the Domesday Book as belonging to the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]; the income from its rents and tithes supplied the monks at Christ Church Canterbury with their clothing, and a 'church' is mentioned.<ref name="SurvLond">{{cite book |last1=Darlington |first1=Ida |chapter-url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=65448 |title=Survey of London: volume 25: St George's Fields (The parishes of St. George the Martyr Southwark and St. Mary Newington) |chapter=The manor of Walworth and parish of St. Mary, Newington |publisher=British History Online |year=1955 |pages=81–90 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> The parish was called St Mary, Newington, which church occupied the southwest side of today's southern roundabout, near the Tabernacle, and was first recorded by name in 1222.<ref name="SurvLond"/>

In May 1557, William Morant, Stephen Gratwick and a man named King, known as the [[Marian Persecutions|Southwark Martyrs]], were burnt at the stake in St George's Field on the site of the present Tabernacle during the [[Marian Persecutions]].<ref name="Blanchard1844">{{cite book |author=Amos Blanchard |title=Book of Martyrs: Or, A History of the Lives, Sufferings and Triumphant Deaths of the Primitive and Protestant Martyrs, from the Introduction of Christianity, to the Latest Periods of Pagan, Popish, Protestant, and Infidel Persecutions... |url=https://archive.org/details/bookmartyrsorah00foxegoog |year=1844 |publisher=N. G. Ellis |page=[https://archive.org/details/bookmartyrsorah00foxegoog/page/n278 272]}}</ref>

St Mary's Church was rebuilt in 1720 and completely replaced in 1790, to a design of Francis Hurlbatt. Within another hundred years this too was to be demolished, with its replacement on Kennington Park Road ready in 1876.<ref name="SurvStMary">{{cite book |last1=Darlington |first1=Ida |chapter-url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=65449 |title=The Church of St Mary, Newington |chapter=Survey of London: volume 25: St George's Fields (The parishes of St. George the Martyr Southwark and St. Mary Newington) |publisher=British History Online |year=1955 |pages=91–94 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> It was destroyed by bombing in 1940 during the [[Second World War]].<ref name="SurvStMary"/> The remains of the tower and an arch were incorporated into its replacement of 1958. The open space is still known as St Mary's Churchyard, and the narrow pedestrian walk at its south end is Churchyard Row.

There is record of a 'hospital' before the Reformation. In 1601 the [[Worshipful Company of Fishmongers]] erected St Peter's Hospital on the site of the present London College of Communication. This expanded and survived until 1850, when it was removed to Wandsworth. The Drapers' livery company created Walters' Almshouses on a site now at the southern junction island in 1640, giving the tower block opposite the name Draper House. The almshouses were relocated to Brandon Street in the 1960s as part of the major redevelopment.