Editing Expulsions and exoduses of Jews (section)

===1–599 CE===
;19 CE: Expulsion from the city of Rome by Emperor [[Tiberius]] together with practitioners of the [[Ancient Egyptian religion|Egyptian religion]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Williams |first=Margaret H. |year=2013 |title=Jews in a Graeco-Roman Environment |publisher=Mohr Siebeck |page=63}}</ref><ref>Suetonius, ''The Life of Tiberius'', [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Tiberius*.html Chapter 36]. 1913. University of Chicago. Retrieved July 14, 2019.</ref>

;38 CE: Jews were expelled from one of their quarters in the city of [[Alexandria]], in Egypt, under the instigation of [[Aulus Avilius Flaccus]].<ref>[[Philo of Alexandria]], ''Flaccus'' VIII (53–57)</ref>

;41–53 CE: [[Claudius' expulsion of Jews from Rome]].

;73 CE: The Jewish defeat in the [[First Jewish–Roman War]] (66–73 CE) resulted in significant loss of life from battle, famine, and disease, extensive city destruction—including [[Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)|Jerusalem]]—and widespread forced displacement.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Schwartz |first=Seth |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/863044259 |title=The ancient Jews from Alexander to Muhammad |date=2014 |isbn=978-1-107-04127-1 |location=Cambridge |pages=85–86 |oclc=863044259}}</ref> Many Jews were enslaved or sent into forced labor in locations such as [[Egypt]] and the [[Corinth Canal|Isthmus of Corinth]],<ref name=":1">Van Kooten, G. H. (2011). The Jewish War and the Roman Civil War of 68–69 CE: Jewish, Pagan, and Christian Perspectives. In ''The Jewish Revolt against Rome'' (pp. 419–450). Brill.</ref> while others were dispersed across the Roman Empire. Young men were coerced into [[Gladiator|gladiatoral combat]], and others were sold into [[brothels]] or slavery.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Herr |first=Moshe David |title=The History of Eretz Israel: The Roman Byzantine period: the Roman period from the conquest to the Ben Kozba War (63 B.C.E-135 C.E.) |publisher=Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi |year=1984 |editor-last=Shtern |editor-first=Menahem |location=Jerusalem |pages=288}}</ref> As a result, a substantial portion of the Jewish population of Judaea was either expelled or displaced.<ref name=":8" />

;117: The suppression of the [[Diaspora Revolt]] (115–117) involved a devastating campaign of [[ethnic cleansing]] that resulted in the near-total annihilation and expulsion of Jews from [[Crete and Cyrenaica|Cyrenaica]], [[Roman Cyprus|Cyprus]], and large portions of [[Roman Egypt|Egypt]].{{sfn|Kerkeslager|2006|pp=61–62}} 

;135
: The [[Bar Kokhba revolt]] (132–136 CE) had catastrophic effects on the Jewish population in Judaea, resulting in massive loss of life, extensive forced displacements, and widespread enslavement, which left central [[Judea]] in a state of desolation.<ref name="Taylor">{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=J. E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XWIMFY4VnI4C&pg=PA243 |title=The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea |date=15 November 2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199554485 |quote=These texts, combined with the relics of those who hid in caves along the western side of the Dead Sea, tell us a great deal. What is clear from the evidence of both skeletal remains and artefacts is that the Roman assault on the Jewish population of the Dead Sea was so severe and comprehensive that no one came to retrieve precious legal documents, or bury the dead. Up until this date the Bar Kokhba documents indicate that towns, villages and ports where Jews lived were busy with industry and activity. Afterwards there is an eerie silence, and the archaeological record testifies to little Jewish presence until the Byzantine era, in En Gedi. This picture coheres with what we have already determined in Part I of this study, that the crucial date for what can only be described as genocide, and the devastation of Jews and Judaism within central Judea, was 135 CE and not, as usually assumed, 70 CE, despite the siege of Jerusalem and the Temple's destruction}}</ref> Some scholars describe the Roman suppression of the revolt as constituting an act of [[genocide]].<ref name="Taylor2">{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=J. E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XWIMFY4VnI4C&pg=PA243 |title=The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea |date=15 November 2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199554485 |quote=Up until this date the Bar Kokhba documents indicate that towns, villages and ports where Jews lived were busy with industry and activity. Afterwards there is an eerie silence, [...] This picture coheres with what we have already determined in Part I of this study, that the crucial date for what can only be described as genocide, and the devastation of Jews and Judaism within central Judea, was 135 CE and not, as usually assumed, 70 CE, despite the siege of Jerusalem and the Temple's destruction}}</ref><ref name="google.co.il">Totten, S. ''Teaching about genocide: issues, approaches and resources.'' p24. [https://books.google.com/books?id=LoQo50YPzTUC&pg=PA23]</ref> Following the revolt, Jews were expelled from the vicinity of Jerusalem and the districts of [[Jifna|Gophna]], [[Herodium|Herodion]], and [[Aqraba, Nablus|Aqraba]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bar |first=Doron |date=2005 |title=Rural Monasticism as a Key Element in the Christianization of Byzantine Palestine |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4125284 |journal=The Harvard Theological Review |volume=98 |issue=1 |pages=49–65 |doi=10.1017/S0017816005000854 |issn=0017-8160 |jstor=4125284 |s2cid=162644246 |quote=The phenomenon was most prominent in Judea, and can be explained by the demographic changes that this region underwent after the second Jewish revolt of 132-135 C.E. The expulsion of Jews from the area of Jerusalem following the suppression of the revolt, in combination with the penetration of pagan populations into the same region, created the conditions for the diffusion of Christians into that area during the fifth and sixth centuries.|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mor|2016|pp=483–484}}: "Land confiscation in Judaea was part of the suppression of the revolt policy of the Romans and punishment for the rebels. [...] There is no doubt that this area (Judea) suffered the severest damage from the suppression of the revolt. Settlements in Judaea, such as Herodion and Bethar, had already been destroyed during the course of the revolt, and Jews were expelled from the districts of Gophna, Herodion, and Aqraba."</ref> The revolt triggered a significant migration of Jews from Judea to coastal cities and [[Galilee]].<ref name=":42">{{Cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=James Donald |title=The Impact of Rome on the Periphery: The Case of Palestina - Roman Period (63 BCE - 324 CE) |last2=Levy |first2=Thomas Evan |date=1995 |publisher=The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land |pages=449 |chapter=}}</ref> Jewish captives were sold into slavery and dispersed across various parts of the empire, causing a significant influx of new slaves into the market.{{sfn|Mor|2016|p=471}}

;415: After a massacre of Christians by some Jews, Jews were expelled from [[Alexandria]] under the leadership of Saint [[Cyril of Alexandria]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Cyril of Alexandria |website=Britannica.com |date=2018-06-14 |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Cyril-of-Alexandria |access-date=2019-06-14}}</ref> Sources differ over whether all [[Alexandrian Jews]] were expelled or just the ones involved in the massacre.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Seaver|first=James Everett|url=https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/6501|title=Persecution of the Jews in the Roman Empire (300-438)|date=1952|publisher=Lawrence, University of Kansas Publications, 1952.|language=en}}</ref>

;418: Jews expelled from [[Minorca]] or asked to convert.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bradbury |first1=Scott |title=severus of minorca:letter of the conversion of the jews |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1996 |page=154}}</ref>