Editing Figure of speech (section)

=== Tropes ===
Tropes are words or phrases whose contextual meaning differs from the manner or sense in which they are ordinarily used.
* [[Accismus]]: expressing the want of something by denying it.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Shipley | first = Joseph T. | year = 1943 | title = Dictionary of World Literature: Criticism, Forms, Technique | chapter-url = https://www.questia.com/read/37059251/dictionary-of-world-literature-criticism-forms | publisher = Philosophical Library | page = 595 | chapter = Trope | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160310184615/https://www.questia.com/read/37059251/dictionary-of-world-literature-criticism-forms | archive-date = 2016-03-10 }}</ref>
* [[Adynaton]]: an extreme form of [[hyperbole]] (exaggeration). It the opposite of understatement.
* [[Allegory]]: a [[metaphor]]ic narrative in which the literal elements indirectly reveal a parallel story of symbolic or abstract significance.<ref>Kennedy et al, 2006 p. 4-5</ref><ref>Quinn, 1999. p. 12</ref><ref>Baldick,2008. p. 7</ref>
* [[Allusion]]: covert reference to another work of literature or art.
* [[Anacoenosis]]: posing a question to an audience, often with the implication that it shares a common interest with the speaker.
* [[Analogy]]: a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.
* [[Anapodoton]]: leaving a common known saying unfinished.
* [[Antanaclasis]]: a form of [[pun]] in which a word is repeated in two different senses.<ref>Corbett and Connors, 1999. p.62</ref>
* [[Anthimeria]]: transformation of a word of a certain word class to another word class: such as a [[deverbal noun|noun for a verb]] and vice versa. <ref>Corbett and Connors, 1999. p. 64-65</ref>
* [[Anthropomorphism]]: ascribing human characteristics to something that is not human, such as an animal or a god (see [[zoomorphism]]).
* [[Antiphrasis]]: a name or a phrase used ironically such that it is obvious of what the true intention is: see [[Irony|verbal irony]].
* [[Antonomasia]]: substitution of a proper name for a phrase or vice versa.
* [[Aphorism]]: briefly phrased, easily memorable statement of a truth or opinion, an adage.
* [[Aporia]]: faked or sincere puzzled questioning.
* [[Apophasis]]: (Invoking) an idea by denying its (invocation), also known as occupatio or paralipsis.
* [[Apostrophe (rhetoric)|Apostrophe]]: when an actor or speaker addresses an absent third party, often a personified abstraction or inanimate object.
* [[Bathos]]: pompous speech with a ludicrously mundane worded [[anti-climax (figure of speech)|anti-climax]].
* [[Catachresis]]: blatant misuse of words or phrases.
* [[Cliché]]: overused phrase or theme.
* [[Dysphemism]]: substitution of a harsher, more offensive, or more disagreeable term for another. Opposite of [[euphemism]].
* [[Ekphrasis]]: lively describing something you see, often a painting.
* [[Epanorthosis]]: immediate and emphatic self-correction, often following a [[Freudian slip|slip of the tongue]].
* [[Euphemism]]: substitution of a less offensive or more agreeable term for another.
* [[Hyperbole]]: use of exaggerated terms for emphasis.
* [[Hypocatastasis]]: an implication or declaration of resemblance that does not directly name both terms.
* [[Hypophora]]: answering one's own [[rhetorical question]] at length.
* [[Illeism]]: the act of referring to oneself in the [[Grammatical person|third person]] instead of [[Grammatical person|first person]]. 
* [[Innuendo]]: having a hidden meaning in a sentence that makes sense whether it is detected or not.
* [[Irony]]: use of word in a way that conveys a meaning opposite to its usual meaning.<ref>Corbett and Connors. 1999. p.69-70</ref>
* [[Kenning]]: using a compound word neologism to form a [[metonym]].
* [[Litotes]]: emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by denying its opposite.
* [[Malapropism]]: using a word through confusion with a word that sounds similar.
* [[Meiosis (figure of speech)|Meiosis]]: use of understatement, usually to diminish the importance of something.
* [[Merism]]: type of [[synecdoche]] referring to two or more contrasting parts to describe it's whole
* [[Metalepsis]]: figurative speech is used in a new context.
* [[Metaphor]]: an implied comparison between two things, attributing the properties of one thing to another that it does not literally possess.<ref>Corbett and Connors, 1999. p.60</ref>
* [[Metonymy]]: a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by the name of something associated in meaning with that thing or concept.
* [[Nosism]]: the practice of using the pronoun ''[[we]]'' to refer to oneself when expressing a personal opinion.
* {{lang|la|[[Non sequitur (literary device)|Non sequitur]]}}: statement that bears no relationship to the context preceding.
* [[Onomatopoeia]]: words that sound like their meaning.
* [[Oxymoron]]: using two terms together, that normally contradict each other.
* [[Parable]]: extended [[metaphor]] told as an anecdote to illustrate or teach a moral lesson.
* [[Paradiastole]]: extenuating a vice in order to flatter or soothe.
* [[Paradox (literature)|Paradox]]: use of apparently contradictory ideas to point out some underlying truth.
* [[Paraprosdokian]]: phrase in which the latter part causes a rethinking or reframing of the beginning.
* [[Parody]]: humouristic imitation.
* [[Pun#Paronomastic_Puns|Paronomasia]]: [[pun]] in which similar-sounding words but words having a different meaning are used.
* [[Pathetic fallacy]]: ascribing human conduct and feelings to nature.
* [[Personification]]: attributing or applying human qualities to inanimate objects, animals, or natural phenomena.
* [[Pleonasm]]: the use of more words than is necessary for clear expression.
* [[Procatalepsis]]: refuting anticipated objections as part of the main argument.
* [[Proslepsis]]: extreme form of [[paralipsis]] in which the speaker provides great detail while feigning to pass over a topic.
* [[Proverb]]: succinct or pithy, often metaphorical, expression of wisdom commonly believed true.
* [[Pun]]: play on words that has two meanings.
* [[Rhetorical question]]: asking a question as a way of asserting something. Asking a question that already has the answer hidden in it, or asking a question not to get an answer, but to assert something (or to create a poetic effect).
* [[Satire]]: humoristic criticism of society.
* [[Sesquipedalianism]]: use of long and obscure words.
* [[Simile]]: comparison between two things using ''like'' or ''as''.
* [[Snowclone]]: alteration of [[cliché]] or [[phrasal template]].
* [[Syllepsis]]: the use of a word in its figurative and literal sense at the same time ''or'' a single word used in relation to two other parts of a sentence although the word grammatically or logically applies to only one.
* [[Synecdoche]]: form of [[metonymy]], referring to a part by its whole, or a whole by its part.
* [[Synesthesia]]: description of one kind of sense impression by using words that normally describe another.
* [[Tautology (rhetoric)|Tautology]]: superfluous repetition of the same sense in different words Example: The children gathered in a round circle
* [[Zeugma and syllepsis|Zeugma]]: use of a single verb to describe two or more actions.
* [[Zoomorphism]]: applying animal characteristics to humans or gods.