Editing Financial analyst (section)

===Corporate and other===
As outlined, the job title is a broad one, and analyst-roles also include [[financial management]] and (credit) risk management. 

====Financial planning and analysis====
[[Financial management#Role|Financial analysts within corporates]]<ref name="Dahlquist">[https://openstax.org/books/principles-finance/pages/1-4-careers-in-finance Careers in Finance]. §1.4 in {{cite book |title=Principles of Finance |date=2022 |isbn=9781951693541 |first1=Julie |last1=Dahlquist |first2=Rainford |last2=Knight |first3=Alan S. |last3=Adams |publisher=OpenStax, Rice University |url=https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/principles-of-finance }}</ref><ref name="corporatefinanceinstitute">[https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/careers/jobs/financial-analyst-job-description/ Financial Analyst Job Description], Corporate Finance Institute</ref><ref name="FP&A">{{cite web |url=https://careernavigator.accaglobal.com/gb/en/job-profiles/proficient/financial-planning-and-analysis--fp-a--professional.html |title=Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A) Professional |website=CareerNavigator.AccaGlobal.com |publisher=[[Association of Chartered Certified Accountants]] |access-date=2023-07-07 }}</ref> provide inputs into all elements of the firm's financial management.<ref name="AFP"/><ref name="collegegrad.com" /><ref name="BLS2">[https://www.bls.gov/OOH/management/financial-managers.htm#tab-2 Financial Managers], Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref>

* The short term focus is on [[working capital management]], and includes tasks such as [[profitability analysis]], cost analysis,  [[Variance (accounting)|variance analysis]], and [[cash flow forecasting]] (often overlapping [[Treasury management#Corporate Finance|treasury management]]).
* Medium term elements are [[corporate budget|budgeting]] and planning; their models here form the basis for [[financial forecast]]ing, [[scenario analysis]] (sometimes re corporate strategy),<ref name="SiegelShim1997">{{cite book |first1=Joel G. |last1=Siegel |first2=Jae K. |last2=Shim |first3=Stephen |last3=Hartman |title=Schaum's Quick Guide to Business Formulas: 201 decision-making tools for business, finance, and accounting students |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4JpojQPk8YsC |access-date=12 November 2011 |date=1 November 1997 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |isbn=978-0-07-058031-2 }} §39 "Corporate Planning Models". See also, §294 "Simulation Model".</ref> and [[Corporate finance#Capitalization structure|balance sheet optimization]]. <ref name="BLS3">[https://www.bls.gov/ooh/business-and-financial/budget-analysts.htm#tab-2 Budget Analysts], Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref> The latter, extends to involvement with [[dividend policy]], and [[capital structure]]; relatedly, forecasts here also feed into group [[Asset and liability management|ALM]].
* Analysts are also involved with long term "[[capital budgeting]]", i.e. decisions relating to [[Corporate finance#Investment and project valuation|"project" selection and valuation]] and related funding considerations; these forecasts feed through to the [[debt capital markets]] team, "DCM", responsible for securing and managing long-term funding. 
* [[Financial risk management#Corporate finance|Risk analytics]] will span all perspectives. Similar to treasury though, the team may reside in a [[Responsibility center|separate unit]]; see [[Three lines of defence]].

Management of these deliverables sits with the [[financial manager]] (FM); while [[budget analyst]], [[cost analyst]], [[Treasurer#Corporate treasurers|treasury analyst or manager]], [[Risk manager|risk analyst or manager]] and [[corporate finance analyst]] are often specialized roles. The area overall is sometimes referred to as "[[FP&A]]" (Financial Planning and Analysis).<ref name="AFP">[https://fpacert.afponline.org/certification/what-is-fp-a  What is FP&A?], [[Association for Financial Professionals]]</ref><ref name="FP&A"/> The [[financial director]] or chief financial officer (FD, CFO) has primary responsibility for managing the company's finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record keeping, and financial reporting.

====Credit analysts ====
There are several analyst roles related to [[credit risk]], macro or micro.<ref name="BLS4" /> [[Ratings agency|Ratings analysts]] (who are often employees of [[ratings agencies]]), evaluate the ability of companies or governments that issue [[bond (finance)|bonds]] to repay their debt. On the basis of their evaluation, a management team [[Bond credit rating|assigns a rating]] to a [[Corporate bond|company's]] or [[Government bond|government's bonds]]. 

Financial analysts employed in [[Commercial Loan|commercial lending]] perform balance sheet analysis, examining the borrower's [[Financial statements|audited financial statements]] and corollary data in order to similarly assess lending risks, and to confirm that [[Yield spread#Yield spread analysis|yield is appropriate given risk]]; this task is both upfront and on a monitoring basis thereafter.  The focus is on current and forecasted [[Financial ratio#Debt ratios (leveraging ratios)|debt-]] and [[Financial ratio#Liquidity ratios|liquidity ratios]] generally, and specifically those related to any [[loan covenant]]s, such as [[debt service coverage ratio]] (DSCR) and [[loan-to-value ratio]] (LTVR).

In [[retail banking]], [[credit analyst]]s build models to determine an applicant's creditworthiness, assign an initial [[credit score]], and monitor this and the loan on the basis of an ongoing [[Consumer_credit_risk#Scorecards|"behavioral" score]]. In this and the latter role, [[Impairment (financial reporting)|impairment-]] and [[Provision (accounting)|provision]]-modelling are a prominent deliverable (see [[IFRS 9]]); the [[probability of default]] (PD), [[exposure at default]] (EAD) and [[loss given default]] (LGD) statistics or models are (often) provided by a separate (but dedicated) [[Quantitative analysis (finance)#Risk management|credit-quant]] team.

====Accounting analysts ====
Some financial analysts specialize as [[accounting analyst]]s; they will collect industry data (mainly balance sheet, income statement and capital adequacy in banking sector), merger and acquisition history and financial news for their clients. They then typically "standardize" the different companies' data, facilitating  [[peer group analysis]]: the main objective here is to enable their clients to make better decisions about the investment across different regions. They also provide the abundance of [[financial ratio]]s calculated from the data gathered from financial statements, and possibly other sources.