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==Units== Formulas used in science almost always require a choice of units.<ref>{{Cite book | isbn = 978-1466571143 | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 94th Edition | editor1-last = Haynes | editor1-first= William M. | year = 2013 | orig-year = 1914 | publisher = CRC Press | location = Boca Raton }}</ref> Formulas are used to express relationships between various quantities, such as temperature, mass, or charge in physics; supply, profit, or demand in economics; or a wide range of other quantities in other disciplines. An example of a formula used in science is [[Boltzmann's entropy formula]]. In [[statistical thermodynamics]], it is a probability equation relating the [[entropy]] ''S'' of an ideal gas to the quantity ''W'', which is the number of [[Microstate (statistical mechanics)|microstates]] corresponding to a given [[macrostate]]: : <math>S = k \cdot \ln W </math> where ''k'' is the [[Boltzmann constant]], equal to {{physconst|k|ref=no}}, and ''W'' is the number of [[Microstate (statistical mechanics)|microstate]]s consistent with the given [[macrostate]].
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