Editing Fraticelli (section)

===Fraticelli de paupere vita===
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Chronologically the second main group of Fraticelli were the Spirituals who fled from Tuscany to Sicily, and were surnamed at first the “Rebellious Brothers” and Apostates, but later the "Fraticelli de paupere vita".

When, in 1309, the differences between the Relaxati and the Spirituals had reached a critical point, Clement V cited representatives of both parties to appear before the [[Curia]] with a view to adjusting their disputes. The result of this conference was the [[Apostolic constitution|Constitution]] ''Exivi de Paradiso'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Clem05/exivi-l.htm|title=Exivi de Paradiso|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref> enacted at the final session of the [[Council of Vienne]] (6 May 1312). This Constitution contained an explanation of the Rule of Saint Francis along stricter lines than those of the bull ''Exiit qui seminat''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Nichol03/exiit-l.htm|title=Exiit qui Seminat|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref> of [[Pope Nicholas III|Nicholas III]] (14 August 1279), and justified the Spirituals in various matters. This proceeding, however, only provoked the ''Relaxati'' superiors to take energetic measures against the ''Zelanti''.

Towards the end of 1312 a number of Tuscan Spirituals left their monasteries and took forcible possession of the monasteries of [[Carmignano]] (near Florence), [[Arezzo]], and [[Asciano]], putting the Relaxati to flight. About fifty, fearing punishment, fled to Sicily. Clement V, hearing of these events, commanded the [[Archbishop of Genoa]] and two other bishops to force them to return to obedience under penalty of excommunication. As nearly all disregarded this mandate, the prior of San Fidele at [[Siena]], who had been commissioned to execute it, declared them excommunicated and placed their monasteries under interdict (14 May 1314). As it soon became impossible for them to remain in Tuscany, they all fled to Sicily,{{sfn|Brackney|2012|p=131}} where they were joined by numerous Zelanti from Northern Italy and Southern France. King [[Frederick III of Sicily|Frederick of Sicily]], brother of King [[James II of Aragon]], admitted them after they had submitted their statutes to his inspection. Fra Enrico da Ceva was now their leader.

John XXII (15 March 1317) admonished King Frederick to take severe measures against them. In a letter of the same date addressed by the cardinals at Avignon to the entire hierarchy of Sicily, special stress was laid on the fact that the fugitives had elected a superior general, provincials, and guardians. On 23 January 1318, Pope [[John XXII]] excommunicated them in the bull ''Gloriosam ecclesiam'',{{sfn|Brackney|2012|p=131}} specifying five errors, to wit: (1) they designated the Roman Church as carnal and corrupt, and themselves as spiritual; (2) they denied to the Roman priesthood all power and jurisdiction; (3) they forbade taking an oath; (4) they taught that priests in the state of sin could not confer the sacraments; and (5) they asserted that they alone were the true observers of the Gospel.

Banished from Sicily, where, however, some remained till at least 1328, they established themselves securely in Naples.