Editing Frederick Haldimand (section)

===Governor of Province of Quebec===
[[File:Sir Frédéric Haldimand IMG 3180.JPG|thumb|Haldimand as Governor of Quebec, c. 1783]]
Haldimand became Governor of the [[Province of Quebec (1763-1791)|Province of Quebec]] (which at the time included what is now [[Ontario]]) in 1778,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=11867|page=1|date=21 April 1778}}</ref> and served through the [[American Revolution]]. Haldimand built up Quebec's defenses in reaction to repeated rumors of American plans to again invade the province and limited offensive actions to raiding parties such as the [[Carleton's Raid (1778)|1778 raid]] by [[Christopher Carleton]] and the 1780 "[[Burning of the Valleys (American Revolution)|Burning of the Valleys]]" into the rebellious [[United States|American]] colonies. As an administrator, he at times dealt harshly with political activists by arresting [[Fleury Mesplet]] and [[Valentin Jautard]], publishers of a literary journal that often featured political commentary, and [[Pierre du Calvet]], an agitator for judicial reforms.<ref name="Sutherland"/>

In 1781, Haldimand's efforts on behalf of the British cause included engaging in negotiations with political representatives of the [[Vermont Republic]], which had declared its independence from the state of New York in 1777 after long-standing disputes over jurisdiction.  These negotiations, which are sometimes called the [[Haldimand Affair]] because of his participation, involved brothers [[Ira Allen|Ira]] and [[Ethan Allen]], and were promoted to see if Vermont could be convinced to become a new British province, which would then provide a new avenue for attack against the southern portions of New York and [[New England]].<ref name="Sutherland"/> The negotiations had reached the point that Haldimand believed Vermont was almost ready to admit British troops when news of the [[Siege of Yorktown|surrender at Yorktown]] arrived.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}

As the revolution came to an end by the [[Treaty of Paris (1783)]], Haldimand helped settle American [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees, who became known as [[United Empire Loyalists]], many in territories that are now in [[New Brunswick]] and [[Ontario]].<ref name=HDS/><ref name="Sutherland"/>

He and [[Sir John Johnson, 2nd Baronet|Sir John Johnson]], his Superintendent of Indian Affairs, also helped settle the [[Iroquois]] who had been driven out of New York during the war by issuing what is now known as the [[Haldimand Proclamation]], which awarded them a tract of land on the [[Grand River (Ontario)|Grand River]] in what is now known as Ontario's [[Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation|Six Nations reserve]].<ref name=HDS/>