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Gaussian gravitational constant
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===Units and dimensions=== {{mvar|k}} is given as a unit-less fraction of the order of 1.7%, but it can be considered equivalent to the square root of the [[gravitational constant]],<ref>{{cite book | last1 = U.S. Naval Observatory | first1=Nautical Almanac Office | last2 = H.M. Nautical Almanac Office | title = Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Ephemeris and the American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac | publisher = H.M. Stationery Office |location=London | year = 1961 | page = 493}}</ref> in which case it has the [[Units of measurement|units]] of au<sup>{{frac|3|2}}</sup>β d<sup>β1</sup>β {{solar mass}}<sup>β{{frac|1|2}}</sup>,<ref name="Clemence65"/> where :au is the [[distance]] for which {{mvar|k}} takes its value as defined by Gaussβthe distance of the [[Perturbation (astronomy)|unperturbed]] [[circular orbit]] of a hypothetical, massless body whose [[orbital period]] is {{math|{{sfrac|2Ο|''k''}}}} days,<ref name="Herrick65"/> :d is the [[mean solar day]] (86,400 seconds), :{{solar mass}} is the [[mass]] of the [[solar mass|Sun]]. Therefore, the [[Dimensional analysis|dimensions]] of {{mvar|k}} are<ref>{{cite book|last1 = Brouwer|first1 = Dirk|last2 = Clemence|first2 = Gerald M.| title = Methods of Celestial Mechanics|url = https://archive.org/details/methodsofcelesti00brou|url-access = registration|publisher = Academic Press |location=New York and London|date=1961|page=[https://archive.org/details/methodsofcelesti00brou/page/58 58]}}</ref> :length<sup>{{frac|3|2}}</sup> time<sup>β1</sup> mass<sup>β{{frac|1|2}}</sup> or {{math|L<sup>{{frac|3|2}}</sup> T<sup>β1</sup> M<sup>β{{frac|1|2}}</sup>}}. In spite of this {{mvar|k}} is known to much greater accuracy than {{mvar|G}} (or the square root of {{mvar|G}}). The absolute value of {{mvar|G}} is known to an accuracy of about 10<sup>β4</sup>, but the product {{math|''G''{{solar mass}}}} (the gravitational parameter of the Sun) is known to an accuracy better than 10<sup>β10</sup>.
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