Editing HMS Endeavour (section)

====Outward voyage====
''Endeavour'' departed Plymouth on 26 August 1768, carrying 18 months of provisions for 94 people.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1968|p=4}}{{efn|Provisions loaded at the outset of the voyage included 6,000 pieces of pork and 4,000 of beef, nine tons of bread, five tons of flour, three tons of sauerkraut, one ton of raisins and sundry quantities of cheese, salt, peas, oil, sugar and oatmeal. Alcohol supplies consisted of 250 barrels of beer, 44 barrels of brandy and 17 barrels of rum.<ref>Minutes of the Royal Navy Victualling Board, 15 June 1768, cited in Beaglehole 1968, p. 613</ref>}} Livestock on board included pigs, poultry, two greyhounds and a milking goat.<ref>Marquardt 1995, p. 15</ref>

The first port of call was [[Funchal]] in the [[Madeira Islands]], which ''Endeavour'' reached on 12 September. The ship was recaulked and painted, and fresh vegetables, beef and water were brought aboard for the next leg of the voyage.<ref name="Hough7576">Hough 1995, pp. 75–76</ref> While in port, an accident cost the life of master's mate Robert Weir, who became entangled in the anchor cable and was dragged overboard when the anchor was released.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1968|p=7}}  To replace him, Cook [[Impressment|pressed]] a sailor from an American sloop anchored nearby.<ref name="Hough7576"/>{{efn|The pressed man was John Thurman, born in New York but a British subject and therefore eligible for involuntary impressment aboard a Royal Navy vessel.<ref name="Hough7576"/> Thurman journeyed with ''Endeavour'' to Tahiti where he was promoted to the position of sailmaker's assistant, and then to New Zealand and Australia. He died of disease on 3 February 1771, during the voyage between Batavia and Cape Town.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1968|p=596}}}}

''Endeavour'' then continued south along the coast of Africa and across the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] to South America, arriving in [[Rio de Janeiro]] on 13 November 1768. Fresh food and water were brought aboard and the ship departed for [[Cape Horn]], which she reached during stormy weather on 13 January 1769. Attempts to round the Cape over the next two days were unsuccessful, and ''Endeavour'' was repeatedly driven back by wind, rain and contrary tides. Cook noted that the seas off the Cape were large enough to regularly submerge the bow of the ship as she rode down from the crests of waves.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1968|pp=41–44}} At last, on 16 January the wind eased and the ship was able to pass the Cape and anchor in the [[Bahia Buen Suceso|Bay of Good Success]] on the Pacific coast<!--the attached map doesn't seem to show this, although it does show a considerable trip towards Antarctica, which is not mentioned; why is this?-->.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1968|pp=41-44}} The crew were sent to collect wood and water, while Banks and his team gathered hundreds of plant specimens from along the icy shore. On 17 January two of Banks' servants died from cold while attempting to return to the ship during a heavy snowstorm.<ref>Hough 1995, pp. 91–97</ref>

''Endeavour'' resumed her voyage on 21 January 1769,<!--did they spend a month collecting plants in one spot??--> heading west-northwest into warmer weather. She reached [[Tahiti]] on 10 April,<ref name="Courier1878">{{cite news |last=McDermott |first=Peter Joseph |title=Pacific Exploration |work=The Brisbane Courier |page=5 |publisher=Brisbane Newspaper Company Ltd |date=6 November 1878 |url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/1376345?searchTerm=James+Cook|access-date=27 August 2008 }}</ref> where she remained for the next three months. The transit of Venus across the Sun occurred on 3 June, and was observed from three separate observatories set up on the shore (there had been concerns that cloud might obscure the event, so additional positions were established to reduce this risk). The main observatory at Fort Venus (now called [[Point Venus]]) was equipped with three telescopes and manned by astronomer Charles Green, Cook, and Robert Molyneux, the master of the ''Endeavour''.{{sfn|Beaglehole|1974|pp=181-183}}