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Hunnic language
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===Yeniseian=== Some scholars β most notably [[Lajos Ligeti]] (1950/51) and [[Edwin G. Pulleyblank]] (1962) β have claimed that languages of Siberia, especially [[Ket language|Ket]] β a member of the [[Yeniseian]] language family β may have been a major source (or perhaps even the linguistic core) of the Xiongnu or Hunnic languages.<ref>E. G. Pulleyblank, "The consonontal system of old Chinese" [Pt 1], ''Asia Major'', vol. IX (1962), pp. 1β2.</ref>{{sfn|Vajda|2013|pp=4, 14, 48, 103β6, 108β9, 130β1, 135β6, 182, 204, 263, 286, 310}} First proposed by Edwin G. Pulleyblank, the theory that the Xiongnu language belonged to the Yeniseian languages was reinforced by the discovery of the Kot and Pumpokol word lists, which [[Alexander Vovin]] used to create a more accurate reconstruction.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vovin|first=Alexander|date=2000|title=Did the Xiong-nu Speak a Yeniseian Language?|journal=Central Asiatic Journal|volume=44|issue=1|pages=87β104}}</ref> Hyun Jin Kim in 2013 proposed that the Huns experienced a language flip like the [[Chagatai Khanate]], switching from Yeniseian to [[Oghur languages|Oghuric Turkic]] after absorbing the [[Dingling]] or [[Tiele people|Tiele]] peoples.{{sfn|Kim|2013|pp=20β30}} Vajda (et al. 2013) proposed that the ruling elite of the Huns spoke a [[Yeniseian languages|Yeniseian language]] and influenced other languages in the region.<ref>Vajda, Edward J. (2013). Yeniseian Peoples and Languages: A History of Yeniseian Studies with an Annotated Bibliography and a Source Guide. Oxford/New York: Routledge.</ref> The [[Yeniseian people]] were likely assimilated later by Turkic and Mongolic groups. Alexander Savelyev and Choongwon Jeong criticize the Yeniseian proposal by Pulleyblank and note that the more convincing Yeniseian words may be shared cultural vocabulary that was non-native to both the Xiongnu and the Yeniseians.{{sfn|Savelyev|Jeong|2020}}
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