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Image schema
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==Lists of image schemas== While Johnson provided an initial list of image schemas in ''The Body in the Mind'' (p. 126), his diagrams for them are scattered throughout his book and he only diagrammed a portion of those image schemas he listed. In his work, Lakoff also used several additional schemas. ===Schemas discussed by Johnson=== {{Div col|colwidth=22em}} :Spatial motion group ::Containment ::Path ::Source-Path-Goal ::Blockage ::Center-Periphery ::Cycle ::Cyclic Climax :Force Group ::Compulsion ::Counterforce ::Diversion ::Removal of Restraint ::Enablement ::Attraction ::Link ::Scale :Balance Group ::Axis Balance ::Point Balance ::Twin-Pan Balance ::Equilibrium {{Div col end}} ===Schemas listed, but not discussed, by Johnson=== {{Div col|colwidth=22em}} ::Contact ::Surface ::Full-Empty ::Merging ::Matching ::Near-Far ::Mass-Count ::Iteration ::Object ::Splitting ::Part-Whole ::Superimposition ::Process ::Collection {{Div col end}} ===Additional schemas discussed by Lakoff === {{Div col|colwidth=22em}} :Transformational group ::Linear path from moving object (one-dimensional trajector) ::Path to endpoint (endpoint focus) ::Path to object mass (path covering) ::Multiplex to mass (possibly the same as Johnson's undefined Mass-Count) ::Reflexive (both part-whole and temporally different reflexives) ::Rotation :Spatial group ::Above ::Across ::Covering ::Contact ::Vertical Orientation ::Length (extended trajector) {{Div col end}} ===Schemas proposed and discussed by others=== ::Rough-smooth/Bumpy-smooth (Rohrer; Johnson and Rohrer) ::Straight (Cienki) === Mandler and Canovas' image schema hierarchy === Source:<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=MANDLER|first1=JEAN M.|last2=PAGÁN CÁNOVAS|first2=CRISTÓBAL|date=2014-05-13|title=On defining image schemas|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2014.14|journal=Language and Cognition|volume=6|issue=4|pages=510–532|doi=10.1017/langcog.2014.14|s2cid=146194332 |issn=1866-9808}}</ref> # '''Spatial primitives.''' The first building blocks that allow us to understand what we perceive: PATH, CONTAINER, THING, CONTACT, etc. # '''Image schemas.''' Representations of simple spatial events using the primitives: PATH TO THING, THING INTO CONTAINER, etc. # '''Schematic integrations.''' The first conceptual representations to include non-spatial elements, by projecting feelings or non-spatial perceptions to blends structured by image schema
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