Editing Inhalant (section)

=====Alkyl nitrites=====
{{main|Poppers}}
[[File:HOpoppers.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.25|A selection of poppers]]
Ingestion of [[alkyl nitrite]]s can cause [[methemoglobinemia]], and by inhalation it has not been ruled out.<ref name="pmid3430141">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Toole JB, Robbins GB, Dixon DS |title=Ingestion of isobutyl nitrite, a recreational chemical of abuse, causing fatal methemoglobinemia |journal=J. Forensic Sci. |volume=32 |issue=6 |pages=1811–2 |date=November 1987 |doi=10.1520/JFS11240J |pmid=3430141}}</ref>

The sale of [[alkyl nitrite]]-based poppers was banned in Canada in 2013. Although not considered a narcotic and not illegal to possess or use, they are considered a drug. Sales that are not authorized can now be punished with fines and prison.<ref>{{cite web

 |url = http://dailyxtra.com/canada/news/health-canada-cracks-poppers?market=209
 |title = Health Canada cracks down on poppers
 | publisher = Pink Triangle Press
 | date = 25 June 2013
 | first = Rob| last = Salerno
 | location = Canada}}</ref> Since 2007, reformulated poppers containing [[isopropyl nitrite]] are sold in Europe because only isobutyl nitrite is prohibited. In France, the sale of products containing butyl nitrite, pentyl nitrite, or isomers thereof, has been prohibited since 1990 on grounds of danger to consumers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?dateTexte=20090901&cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000166136 |title=Decree 90–274 of 26 March 1990 |language=fr |publisher=Legifrance.gouv.fr |date=15 May 2009 |access-date=26 July 2012}}</ref> In 2007, the government extended this prohibition to all alkyl nitrites that were not authorized for sale as drugs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?dateTexte=20090901&cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000341445 |title=Decree 2007-1636 of 20 November 2007 |language=fr |publisher=Legifrance.gouv.fr |access-date=26 July 2012}}</ref> After litigation by sex shop owners, this extension was quashed by the [[Council of State (France)|Council of State]] on the grounds that the government had failed to justify such a blanket prohibition: according to the court, the risks cited, concerning rare accidents often following abnormal usage, rather justified compulsory warnings on the packaging.<ref>[[Council of State (France)|Council of State]], [http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriAdmin.do?oldAction=rechJuriAdmin&idTexte=CETATEXT000020868995 Ruling 312449, 15 May 2009]</ref>

In the United Kingdom, poppers are widely available and frequently (legally) sold in [[Gay bar|gay clubs/bars]], [[sex shops]], drug paraphernalia [[head shops]], over the Internet and on markets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/switch/surgery/advice/drink_drugs/poppers/ |title=Advice – Poppers |publisher=BBC |date=1 January 1970 |access-date=26 July 2012}}</ref> It is illegal under [[Medicines Act 1968]] to sell them advertised for human consumption, and to bypass this, they are usually sold as odorizers. In the U.S., originally marketed as a prescription drug in 1937, amyl nitrite remained so until 1960, when the [[Food and Drug Administration]] removed the prescription requirement due to its safety record. This requirement was reinstated in 1969, after observation of an increase in recreational use. Other alkyl nitrites were outlawed in the U.S. by Congress through the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988. The law includes an exception for commercial purposes. The term ''commercial purpose'' is defined to mean any use other than for the production of consumer products containing volatile alkyl nitrites meant for inhaling or otherwise introducing volatile alkyl nitrites into the human body for euphoric or physical effects.<ref>Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Public Law 1QO-690, section 2404) (15 U.S.C. 2d57a(e)(2)).</ref> The law came into effect in 1990. Visits to retail outlets selling these products reveal that some manufacturers have since reformulated their products to abide by the regulations, through the use of the legal [[cyclohexyl nitrite]] as the primary ingredient in their products, which are sold as video head cleaners, polish removers, or room odorants.