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Insanity defense
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===Temporary insanity=== The notion of '''temporary insanity''' argues that a defendant ''was'' insane during the commission of a crime, but they later regained their sanity after the criminal act was carried out. This legal defense developed in the 19th century and became especially associated with the defense of individuals committing [[crimes of passion]]. The defense was first successfully used by [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Congressman]] [[Daniel Sickles]] of [[New York (state)|New York]] in 1859 after he had killed his wife's lover, [[Philip Barton Key II]].<ref name="NYT_1881">{{cite news |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/1210.html |title=On This Day: December 10, 1881 |last=Kennedy |first=Robert C. |date=2001 |work=The New York Times |access-date=June 18, 2018}}</ref> The temporary insanity defense was unsuccessfully pleaded by [[Charles J. Guiteau]] who assassinated president [[James A. Garfield]] in 1881.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/1210.html | title=On This Day: December 10, 1881 }}</ref>
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