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Interstate 805
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===Expansion=== [[File:Interstate 5 and Interstate 805 Sorrento Valley interchange.jpg|thumb|"Dual freeway" at northern I-805 terminus]] The construction of a "dual freeway" at the northern end of I-805 was discussed as early as 1989, referring to the two [[carriageways]] needed for each direction of the freeway, resulting in four total. It would require drivers to use the new local lanes to access eastbound SR 56 from I-5 or I-805. The project would allow for trucks to use the new lanes to assist in merging with traffic. However, it faced opposition from local residents, concerned about the loss of the view from their homes, as well as environmentalists concerned about nearby wetlands.<ref>{{cite news | title=Bottleneck at I-5/805 Is Dilemma | work=The San Diego Union | date=April 30, 1989 | author=Weisberg, Lori | page=B1|oclc=13155544}}</ref> Further objections espoused the view that the congestion would continue to increase, regardless of what was done, and that the new road would be at capacity in a few years.<ref>{{cite news | title=Residents Express Anguish at Plans to Expand I-5 Junction | work=Evening Tribune | date=June 2, 1989 | author=Kubik, Agnes | location=San Diego | page=B8|oclc=37687666}}</ref> The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) funded the construction with $110 million (equivalent to ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US-GDP|110000000|2000|r=3}}}} in {{inflation-year|US-GDP}}{{inflation-fn|US-GDP}}) in mid-2000.<ref>{{cite news | title=Highways Receive Bulk of Money in SANDAG Transportation Plan | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=July 22, 2000 | author=Arner, Mark | page=B3|oclc=25257675}}</ref> Construction of the "dual freeway" began in early 2002, at a cost of $182 million<ref>{{cite news | title=I-5/805 Merge Widening Under Way | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=March 1, 2002 | last=LaRue | first=Steve | page=B2| oclc=25257675}}</ref> (equivalent to ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US-GDP|182000000|2002|r=3}}}} in {{inflation-year|US-GDP}}{{inflation-fn|US-GDP}}). The northbound lanes were scheduled to open in February 2006.<ref>{{cite news | title=Showers Push Back Opening of Bypass | work=The San Diego Union-Tribune | date=February 19, 2006 | page=B3| oclc=25257675}}</ref> The southbound lanes were completed in early 2007.<ref name="newlanes" /> That year, a three-year project began to allow [[Driverless car|robot controlled vehicles]], including buses and trucks, to use a special lane. The intention is to allow the vehicles to travel at shorter following distances and thereby allow more vehicles to use the lanes. The vehicles will still have drivers since they need to enter and exit the special lanes. The system was designed by Swoop Technology, based in San Diego County.<ref name="RoboBus">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.wired.com/cars/futuretransport/magazine/15-08/st_robot | title=Robot Buses Pull In to San Diego's Fastest Lane | magazine=Wired | date=July 24, 2007 | access-date=August 19, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110112944/http://www.wired.com/cars/futuretransport/magazine/15-08/st_robot|archive-date=November 10, 2012 |oclc=24479723}}</ref> Two years later, construction began on two auxiliary lanes on I-805 southbound from SR 54 to Bonita Road, to improve traffic flow at the SR 54 interchange.<ref>{{cite news | title=Short Takes | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=October 13, 2009 | author=Schmidt, Steve | page=B2|oclc=25257675}}</ref> In 2010, Caltrans proposed adding [[high-occupancy toll]] express lanes between SR 15 and East Palomar Street in Chula Vista.<ref>{{cite news | title=Public Hearings Set on I-805 Expansion | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=September 21, 2010 | author=Fry, Wendy | page=B2|oclc=25257675}}</ref> The California Transportation Commission (CTC) awarded $100 million for the work in June 2011, which would be split into two phases at the interchange with SR 54.<ref>{{cite news | title=I-805 HOV-Lane Project Gets $100M from State | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=June 30, 2011 | author=Hawkins, Robert | page=B2|oclc=25257675}}</ref> Work is also underway to add two [[High-occupancy vehicle|HOV lanes]] between SR 52 and Mira Mesa Boulevard; this project also received $59.5 million from the CTC in September 2011.<ref>{{cite news | title=State Sending Region $82.6M for Road Work | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=September 19, 2011 | author=Hawkins, Robert | page=B2|oclc=25257675}}</ref> Meanwhile, SANDAG made arrangements to purchase the [[SR 125 (CA)|SR 125]] toll road and reduce the tolls, which was hoped to encourage commuters to take that road instead of I-805 and reduce congestion; this would then enable Caltrans to construct two managed lanes instead of the original four.<ref>{{cite news | title=SANDAG Agrees to Purchase South County Toll Road | work=San Diego Union-Tribune | date=December 17, 2011 | author=Hawkins, Robert | page=A1|oclc=25257675}}</ref> In February 2013, construction began on the northern HOV lanes; the project came at a cost $86 million.<ref>{{cite news | title=Express Lanes Project to Commence on I-805 | work=U-T San Diego | date=February 26, 2013 | author=Nichols, Chris | page=B2|oclc=25257675}}</ref> By May, construction on the Palomar Street direct access ramps had begun, and the Carroll Canyon Road ramps were almost finished.<ref>{{cite news | title=Ramps to Speed Access to I-15 | work=U-T San Diego | date=May 1, 2013 | author=Nichols, Chris | page=NC1|oclc=25257675}}</ref> The northern project was completed in 2015,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist11/facts/805ManagedLanesNorth.pdf | title=Interstate 805 Express Lanes North Project Fact Sheet | publisher=California Department of Transportation | author=District 11 | date=June 2013 | access-date=October 8, 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928061742/http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist11/facts/805ManagedLanesNorth.pdf | archive-date=September 28, 2013 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> and the southern HOV lanes opened in March 2014 at a cost of $1.4 billion, with an option to expand them into two lanes in each direction, and a proposed direct ramp to the express lanes.<ref>{{cite news | title=I-805 carpool lanes open in So. County | work=U-T San Diego | date=March 5, 2014 | author=Nichols, Chris | url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/mar/05/805-carpool-south-county-chula-vista-national-city/|oclc=25257675}}</ref> A 2012 Caltrans report proposed adding four managed lanes along the entire length of the highway.<ref name="TCR2">{{cite web | author=Staff|url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist11/departments/planning/pdfs/tcs/2012_I_805_TCS.pdf | title=I-5 Transportation Concept Summary| publisher=Caltrans | date=June 2012 | access-date=June 21, 2014 |pages=17}}</ref> The northern section carpool lanes are a continuation of the ones from Interstate 5 at the Sorrento Valley interchange and continue to Governor Drive. The southern section carpool lanes exist from SR 94 and Palomar Street. Plans exist to construct the 11-mile gap between SR 94 and Governor Drive have been put on hold until there are enough funds to widen the freeway and replace any necessary overpasses. In 2016, a half-cent sales tax was imposed to eventually pay for the construction of this gap.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/politics/sdut-hov-lanes-opening-on-805-2016jun15-story.html|title=HOV lanes opening on 805|access-date=26 March 2024|first=Joshua|last=Stewart|publisher=[[The San Diego Union Tribune]]}}</ref>
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