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Iris recognition
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== Shortcomings == Many commercial iris scanners can be easily fooled by a high quality image of an iris or face in place of the real thing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thehackernews.com/2015/03/iris-biometric-security-bypass.html |title=Hacker Finds a Simple Way to Fool IRIS Biometric Security Systems |website=thehackernews.com| date=2015-03-06 |access-date=2017-03-17}}</ref> The scanners are often tough to adjust and can become bothersome for multiple people of different heights to use in succession. The accuracy of scanners can be affected by changes in lighting. Iris scanners are significantly more expensive than some other forms of biometrics, as well as password and [[proximity card]] security systems. Iris recognition is very difficult to perform at a distance larger than a few meters and if the person to be identified is not cooperating by holding the head still and looking into the camera. However, several academic institutions and biometric vendors are developing products that claim to be able to identify subjects at distances of up to 10 meters ("Standoff Iris" or "Iris at a Distance" as well as Princeton Identity's "Iris on the Move" for persons walking at speeds up to 1 meter/sec).<ref name="emerging"/><ref name="shrink">{{cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/10/09/princeton-identity-walkthrough-biometric-scanner-shipping-container/|title=Princeton Identity debuts a new walkthrough biometric scanner|first=Zack|last=Whittaker|publisher=[[TechCrunch]]|date=2018-09-29|access-date=2019-03-29}}</ref> As with other photographic biometric technologies, iris recognition is susceptible to poor image quality, with associated failure to enroll rates. As with other identification infrastructure (national residents databases, ID cards, etc.), civil rights activists have voiced concerns that iris-recognition technology might help governments to track individuals beyond their will. Researchers have tricked iris scanners using images generated from digital codes of stored irises. Criminals could exploit this flaw to steal the identities of others.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18997580#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa |title=Iris scanners 'can be tricked'|work=BBC News|date=2012-07-26}}</ref> The first study on surgical patients involved modern cataract surgery and showed that it can change iris texture in such a way that iris pattern recognition is no longer feasible or the probability of falsely rejected subjects is increased.<ref>R. Roizenblatt, P. Schor et al. Iris recognition as a biometric method after cataract surgery. Biomed Eng Online. 2004; 3: 2</ref>
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