Editing Jonas Bronck (section)

==Relations with Lenape tribes==
On April 22, 1642, a peace treaty was signed at Bronck's [[Homestead (buildings)|homestead]] between Dutch authorities and the [[Wecquaesgeek]] sachems Ranaqua and Tackamuck. This event is portrayed in a painting by the American artist [[John Ward Dunsmore]] (1856–1945).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eastrivernyc.org/content/history/history-to-1815/erh2.html|title=East River NYC :: History|access-date=March 15, 2016|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304124339/http://www.eastrivernyc.org/content/history/history-to-1815/erh2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation   | last = Lankevich   | first = George J.    | title = New York City: A Short History   | publisher = NYU Press   | year = 2002   | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_A1GDIGAyTQC&q=Jonas+Bronck.+truce+with+indians   | isbn = 9780814751862   }}</ref>

On February 23, 1643, [[Director-General of New Netherland|Director of New Netherland]] [[William Kieft]] launched an attack on refugee camps of the [[Weckquaesgeek]] and [[Tappan tribe|Tappan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Shorto |first=Russell |title=The Island at the Center of the World: The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony That Shaped America |publisher=Vintage Books ([[Random House]]) |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islandatcenterof00shor/page/123 123] |isbn=0-385-50349-0 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/islandatcenterof00shor/page/123 }}</ref> Expansionist [[Mahican]] and [[Mohawk nation|Mohawk]] in the North (armed with guns traded by the French and English)<ref name="Sultzman, Lee 1997">{{cite web|author= Sultzman, Lee|year= 1997|title=Wappinger History|access-date=January 14, 2012|url= http://www.dickshovel.com/wap.html}}</ref> had driven them south the year before, where they sought protection from the Dutch. Kieft refused aid despite the company's previous guarantees to the tribes to provide it. The attacks were at [[Communipaw]] (in today's [[Jersey City]]) and [[Lower East Side#Historical boundaries|Corlaers Hook]] (lower Manhattan) in what is known as the [[Pavonia Massacre]].<ref name="militaryhistoryonline.com">[http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/indianwars/articles/kieftswar.aspx Walter Giersbach, ''Governor Kieft's Personal War''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117030352/https://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/indianwars/articles/kieftswar.aspx |date=January 17, 2019 }}, (published online, August 26, 2006)</ref> The slaughter led to retaliation and attacks on many settlements outlying [[New Amsterdam]], including some in what is now the Bronx, such as that of [[Anne Hutchinson]]. It is unknown if Bronck's death was related to the skirmishes.<ref name = Komstad/>