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==Geography== {{see also | Geography of Ladakh}} [[File:Leh overview.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Leh and its surroundings.]] {{climate chart | Leh |-14.4|-2.0|9.5 |-11.0|1.5|8.1 |-5.9|6.5|11.0 |-1.1|12.3|9.1 |3.2|16.2|9.0 |7.4|21.8|3.5 |10.5|25.0|15.2 |10.0|25.3|15.4 |5.8|21.7|9.0 |-1.0|14.6|7.5 |-6.7|7.9|3.6 |-11.8|2.3|4.6 |float = |clear = |units = metric |source = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/extreme/leh2.htm |title=Leh |access-date=2017-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225132218/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/extreme/leh2.htm |archive-date=2018-02-25 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} ===Topography=== The city is located on the bank of the Indus River. The mountains dominate the landscape around the Leh, as it is at an altitude of {{convert|3,500|m|ft|-2|disp=or}}. Peaks such as [[Nanga Sago]] can reach well above {{convert|5,500|m|ft|-2|disp=or}}. The principal access roads include the {{convert|434|km|mi|0}} [[Srinagar]]-Leh highway and the {{convert|428|km|mi|0}} [[Leh-Manali Highway]]. Both roads are only open on a seasonal basis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jktourism.org/cities/ladakh/getting/index.htm|title=jktourism.org|website=www.jktourism.org}}</ref> Although the roads from Srinagar and Manali are often blocked by snow in winter, the local roads in the Indus Valley usually remain open due to the low levels of snowfall. ===Climate=== Leh has a [[cold desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWk'') with long, cold winters from late November to early March, with minimum temperatures well below freezing for most of the winter. The city gets occasional snowfall during winter, which is very cold by Indian standards, mainly due to its high elevation. The weather in the remaining months is generally fine and warm during the day. Average annual rainfall is only 35 mm (1.37 inches), with summer months seeing the most precipitation due to rare residual monsoon systems that enter the Himalayas. In 2010, the city experienced [[2010 Leh floods|flash floods]] that killed more than 100 people.<ref name="nyt20100806">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/07/world/asia/07kashmir.html |title=Mudslides Kill 125 in Kashmir |last=Polgreen |first=Lydia |date=6 August 2010 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=6 August 2010}}</ref> {{Weather box |location=Leh, India (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1883-2020) |metric first=Yes |single line=Yes |Jan record high C= 9.0 |Feb record high C= 13.4 |Mar record high C= 19.4 |Apr record high C= 23.9 |May record high C= 28.9 |Jun record high C= 34.8 |Jul record high C= 36.6 |Aug record high C= 35.4 |Sep record high C= 31.8 |Oct record high C= 27.0 |Nov record high C= 20.0 |Dec record high C= 13.6 |Jan high C= 1.5 |Feb high C= 4.2 |Mar high C= 9.7 |Apr high C= 15.3 |May high C= 20.0 |Jun high C= 24.4 |Jul high C= 28.5 |Aug high C =28.1 |Sep high C= 23.4 |Oct high C= 16.7 |Nov high C= 10.6 |Dec high C= 4.5 |Jan mean C= -5.8 |Feb mean C= -2.5 |Mar mean C= 3.0 |Apr mean C= 8.5 |May mean C= 13.1 |Jun mean C= 17.9 |Jul mean C= 22.2 |Aug mean C= 21.6 |Sep mean C= 16.3 |Oct mean C= 8.5 |Nov mean C= 1.7 |Dec mean C= -3.6 |Jan low C= -13.1 |Feb low C= -9.2 |Mar low C= -3.7 |Apr low C= 1.6 |May low C= 6.2 |Jun low C= 11.3 |Jul low C= 15.9 |Aug low C= 15.1 |Sep low C= 9.2 |Oct low C= 0.3 |Nov low C= -7.2 |Dec low C= -11.7 |Jan record low C= -28.3 |Feb record low C= -28.6 |Mar record low C= -19.4 |Apr record low C= -12.8 |May record low C= -7.7 |Jun record low C= -1.1 |Jul record low C= 0.6 |Aug record low C= 1.5 |Sep record low C= -4.4 |Oct record low C= -9.6 |Nov record low C= -18.6 |Dec record low C= -25.6 |Jan rain mm= 4.3 |Feb rain mm= 2.5 |Mar rain mm= 1.5 |Apr rain mm= 1.7 |May rain mm= 0.6 |Jun rain mm= 2.9 |Jul rain mm= 6.8 |Aug rain mm= 6.2 |Sep rain mm= 4.4 |Oct rain mm= 2.3 |Nov rain mm= 0.7 |Dec rain mm= 1.0 |year rain mm= 34.8 |unit precipitation days = 0.3 mm |Jan precipitation days= 1.4 |Feb precipitation days= 1.2 |Mar precipitation days= 0.9 |Apr precipitation days= 1.1 |May precipitation days= 0.6 |Jun precipitation days= 1.5 |Jul precipitation days= 1.9 |Aug precipitation days= 2.2 |Sep precipitation days= 1.6 |Oct precipitation days= 0.3 |Nov precipitation days= 0.3 |Dec precipitation days= 0.4 |year precipitation days= |time day=17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] |Jan humidity=51 |Feb humidity=51 |Mar humidity=46 |Apr humidity=36 |May humidity=30 |Jun humidity=26 |Jul humidity=33 |Aug humidity=34 |Sep humidity=31 |Oct humidity=27 |Nov humidity=40 |Dec humidity=46 |year humidity= |source 1= India Meteorological Department (humidity 1951-1980)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | title = Climatological Normals 1991-2020 | publisher = [[India Meteorological Department]] | access-date = February 25, 2023 }}</ref><ref name=IMD>{{cite web |url=http://www.mausam.gov.in/WEBIMD/ClimatologicalAction.do?function=getStationDetails&actionParam=1¶m=2&station=Leh |title=Leh Climatological Table Period: 1951–1980 |publisher=[[India Meteorological Department]] |access-date=4 April 2020 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721172646/http://www.mausam.gov.in/WEBIMD/ClimatologicalAction.do?function=getStationDetails&actionParam=1¶m=2&station=Leh |archive-date=21 July 2011}} </ref> }}
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