Editing Lesser scaup (section)

== Distribution and migration ==
Their breeding habitats are inland [[lake]]s and [[Tundra|arctic]] [[marsh]] [[pond]]s from [[Alaska]] through western Canada to western [[Montana]]; few breed east of [[James Bay]] and the [[Great Lakes]]. Notable breeding concentrations, with more than half a million birds at the height of the season, can be found in Alaska, in the woodlands of the [[McKenzie River (Oregon)|McKenzie River]] valley and on the [[Old Crow Flats]]. These birds [[bird migration|migrate]] south (mostly via the [[Central Flyway|Central]] and [[Mississippi Flyway]]s) when the young are fledged and return early spring, usually arriving on the breeding ground in May. Lesser scaup typically travel in flocks of 25–50 birds and winter mainly on lakes, [[river]]s and sheltered coastal [[lagoon]]s and [[bay]]s between the US–Canada border and northern [[Colombia]], including [[Central America]], the [[West Indies]] and [[Bermuda]]. 

Wintering lesser scaup are typically found in [[freshwater]] or slightly [[brackish]] habitat and unlike [[greater scaup]] rarely are seen offshore when unfrozen freshwater habitat is available. They may even spend the winter on lakes in [[park]]s, as long as they are not harassed, and will occur even on smallish [[Caribbean]] islands such as [[Grand Cayman]]. Thousands winter each year on the [[Topolobampo]] lagoons in Mexico, and even in the southernmost major wintering location—[[Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta]] in Colombia—hundreds of birds can be seen. In [[Central America]], flocks are present from July on, but only really numerous after September. They move north again in April and May. In the extreme southeast and southwest of the breeding range—the [[Rocky Mountains]] region of the northwestern United States and the southern Great Lakes—lesser scaup are present all-year; it is not clear whether the breeding birds are replaced by migrants from the far north in winter, or whether the local populations do not migrate, or whether both local and migrant birds are found there in winter.<ref name="DUb" /><ref name="carboneras1992" /><ref name="Madge" /><ref name="DUa" /><ref name="Olson" /><ref name="Herrera" />

They are rarely—but apparently increasingly often—seen as vagrants in western [[Europe]]. The first documented [[United Kingdom|British]] record was a first-winter male at [[Chasewater]], [[Staffordshire]] in 1987<ref name=Evans/> but by 2006, over 60 had been recorded, with an average of 2 per year. UK records are typically in the northern parts of the country. Vagrant lesser scaup have also been recorded on the [[Hawaiian Islands]] Japan, possibly China, and—for the first time on 18 January 2000—in the [[Marianas]], as well as in [[Ecuador]], [[Suriname]], [[French Guiana]], [[Trinidad]] and [[Venezuela]] (in winter), and [[Greenland]] (in summer).<ref name=DUb/><ref name = carboneras1992 /><ref name=Madge/><ref name=Kerkhove/><ref name= Wiles/><ref name= BTO/>