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Lithium chloride
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===Niche uses=== Lithium chloride is used as a relative humidity standard in the calibration of [[hygrometer]]s. At {{convert|25|C|F}} a saturated solution (45.8%) of the salt will yield an equilibrium relative humidity of 11.30%. Additionally, lithium chloride can be used as a hygrometer. This deliquescent salt forms a self-solution when exposed to air. The equilibrium LiCl concentration in the resulting solution is directly related to the relative humidity of the air. The percent relative humidity at {{convert|25|C|F}} can be estimated, with minimal error in the range {{convert|10-30|C}}, from the following first-order equation: RH=107.93-2.11C, where C is solution LiCl concentration, percent by mass. Molten LiCl is used for the preparation of [[carbon nanotube]]s,<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1016/j.carbon.2014.05.089 | volume=77 | title=Towards large scale preparation of carbon nanostructures in molten LiCl | journal=Carbon | pages=835β845| year=2014 | last1=Kamali | first1=Ali Reza | last2=Fray | first2=Derek J. | doi-access=free }}</ref> [[graphene]]<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Nanoscale| year= 2015|volume = 7| issue= 26|pages= 11310β11320 | doi = 10.1039/c5nr01132a| pmid= 26053881| title=Large-scale preparation of graphene by high temperature insertion of hydrogen into graphite|url= https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/248812/1/Kamali%20%26%20Fray%202015%20Nanoscale.pdf| last1= Kamali| first1= Ali Reza| last2= Fray| first2= Derek J.| doi-access= free}}</ref> and [[lithium niobate]].<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.07.085 | volume=40 | title=Preparation of lithium niobate particles via reactive molten salt synthesis method | journal=Ceramics International | pages=1835β1841| year=2014 | last1=Kamali | first1=Ali Reza | last2=Fray | first2=Derek J. }}</ref> Lithium chloride has been shown to have strong [[acaricide|acaricidal]] properties, being effective against ''[[Varroa destructor]]'' in populations of [[honey bee]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ziegelmann|first1=Bettina|last2=Abele|first2=Elisabeth|date=January 12, 2018|title=Lithium chloride effectively kills the honey bee parasite ''Varroa destructor'' by a systemic mode of action|journal=[[Scientific Reports]]|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.1038/s41598-017-19137-5|pmid=29330449|pmc=5766531|page=683 |bibcode=2018NatSR...8..683Z}}</ref> Lithium chloride is used as an aversive agent in lab animals to study [[conditioned place preference|conditioned place preference and aversion]].
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