Editing Logica (section)

===Software Products Group, Rapport, and Xenix===
Most of Logica's software products were used only internally, as part of reusing implementation parts of the contracting projects it engaged in.<ref name="ar-1983"/>  However, Logica staged a foray into the wider software products world in the early-mid 1980s, creating the Software Products Group.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0141933185903187 | title=System V interface definition – a last chance for Unix? | author-first=Bill | author-last=Bateson | author2-first=Geraint | author2-last=Davies | journal=Microprocessors and Microsystems | volume=9 | issue=7 | date=September 1985 | pages=337–339| doi=10.1016/0141-9331(85)90318-7 | url-access=subscription }}</ref>  The director of the group was Gordon Kirk.<ref name="mm-1984"/>

Logica Rapport was an early [[relational database management system]] that was developed internally in 1977 and began selling as a general product in 1979, with another release in 1980.<ref name="rapport">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E9upCAAAQBAJ&dq=rapport+database+logica&pg=PA482 | title=Relational Database Systems: Analysis and Comparison | editor-first=Joachim W. | editor-last=Schmidt | editor2-first=Michael L. | editor2-last=Brodie | publisher=Springer | date=1983   | page=482| isbn=9783642688478 }}</ref>  Micro Rapport was also released, for the [[Zilog Z80]].<ref name="rapport"/>  By 1986, support for Rapport was being phased out by Logica, to the consternation of some organisations using it.<ref name="ns-out">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TvpZy-gZHnYC&pg=PA17 | title=Software shock for universities | author-first=David | author-last=Holmes | magazine=New Scientist | date=3 April 1986 | page=17}}</ref>

[[Xenix]] was a version of the [[Unix operating system]] that [[Microsoft]] worked on; in 1982 they engaged with the [[Santa Cruz Operation]] (SCO) in this work, with the two companies' engineers working together on improvements.<ref name="pate-9ff"/>  Microsoft and SCO then further engaged [[Human Computing Resources]] in Canada, and the Software Products Group within Logica in the United Kingdom, as part of making further improvements to Xenix and porting Xenix to other platforms.<ref name="pate-9ff">{{cite book | author-first=Steve D. | author-last=Pate | title=UNIX Internals: A Practical Approach | publisher=Addison Wesley Professional | location=New York | date=1996 | pages=9–11}}</ref>  In doing so, Microsoft gave HCR and Logica the rights to do Xenix ports and license Xenix binaries in those territories,<ref name="doug-video">{{cite news | url=https://www.santacruztechbeat.com/2016/04/21/watch-doug-michels-sco/ | title=Watch: A look-back conversation with Doug Michels, co-founder of SCO | author-first=Sara | author-last=Isenberg | newspaper=Santa Cruz Tech Beat | date=21 April 2016}} See around 10:45 mark of interview video.</ref> which for Logica included all of Europe.<ref name="ar-1984"/> This [[second source]] agreement was formalised between Microsoft and Logica in January 1983.<ref name="mm-1984"/>

[[Image:SCO offices in Watford England July 1996.jpg|thumb|left|After being acquired by SCO, the Logica Software Products Group subsequently had its offices at the Croxley Centre in Watford]]

This Logica group put out several releases, including Xenix 3.0 in 1984, which was based on [[UNIX System III]] for 16-bit processors with some [[Berkeley Software Distribution]] networking functionality and improved compatibility with [[MS-DOS]].<ref name="mm-1984">{{cite news | url=https://kundoc.com/pdf-version-3-gets-xenix-nearer-ms-dos-.html | title=Version 3 gets Xenix nearer MS-DOS | magazine=Microprocessors and Microsystems | page=456}}</ref>  Logica stated that it had over 300 clients for its Xenix product, including other computer manufacturers such as [[Acorn Computers]], [[Plessey Microsystems]], [[SAGEM]], [[Regnecentralen]], and [[Triumph-Adler]], indirect sales through resellers, and direct sales to end customers such as [[Chemical Bank]], [[West Midlands County Council]], and [[Natural Environment Research Council]].<ref name="ar-1984">{{cite book | url=https://archivesit.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Logica-Annual-Report-1984.pdf | title=Logica Annual Review 1984 | publisher=Logica | date=1984 | page=12  }}</ref>  Logica's positioning of Xenix included features making it easier to use.<ref name="mm-1984"/>  However, during 1986, Logica decided to, as it said in its annual review, "withdraw from Xenix operations".<ref name="ar-1987">{{cite book | url=https://archivesit.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Logica-Annual-Report-1987.pdf | title=Logica Annual Review 1987 | publisher=Logica | date=1987 | page=3  }}</ref>

The Software Products Group was acquired by SCO in December 1986;<ref>{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gjwEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA33 | title=Santa Cruz Operation Ltd. to Offer Source for Xenix | magazine=InfoWorld | date=8 December 1986 | page=33}}</ref> it became a wholly owned subsidiary, the Santa Cruz Operation Limited, and the basis for SCO's UK operation,<ref name="scs-acq">{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/71344774/?terms=%22santa%2Bcruz%2Boperation%22%2Blogica | title=Around the county: Software firm announces changes | newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel | date=7 December 1986 | page=D-1 | via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref name="doug-video"/> with its office subsequently being relocated first to <!-- 18 Noel Street --> [[Soho]]<ref>{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sj0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38 | title=This is ... | magazine=InfoWorld | date=9 November 1987 | page=38}} Advertisement.</ref> and then to [[Watford]] outside London.<ref>{{cite news <!--| BD https://www.cbronline.com/news/santa_cruz_operation_replaces_8086_operating_system_with_personal_xenix/ --> | title=Santa Cruz Operation Replaces 8086 Operating System with Personal Xenix | work=[[Computergram International]] | publisher=Computer Business Review | date=2 April 1989}}</ref>  Initially supplemented by some engineers who transferred from SCO's headquarters operation in [[Santa Cruz, California]],<ref name="scs-acq"/> the ex-Logica group now in Watford became one of the major development sites for SCO and over the next few years did the [[operating system kernel]] development work behind the subsequent [[SCO OpenDesktop]] and [[SCO OpenServer]] product releases,<ref name="pate-9ff"/> as well as later working in networking, security, escalations, and other areas, in addition to being the sales, marketing, and customer engineering hub for SCO's (and later [[Caldera International]]'s) [[EMEA]] region (although most development work in Watford was shut down in 2000).<ref name="sec-10-k">{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1102542/000104746903003091/a2101798z10-k.htm |title=Form 10-K: For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2002: Caldera International, Inc. |publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission |date=27 January 2003}}</ref>