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Logical volume management
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== Implementations == {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Vendor ! Introduced in ! Volume manager ! Allocate anywhere{{Efn|Denotes whether the volume manager allows LVs to grow and span onto any PV in the VG}} ! Snapshots ! [[RAID 0]] ! [[RAID 1]] ! [[RAID 5]] ! [[RAID 10]] ! [[Thin provisioning]] ! Notes |- | [[IBM]] | [[AIX operating system|AIX]] 3.0 (1989) | [[Logical Volume Manager (AIX)|Logical Volume Manager]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}}{{Efn|JFS2 snapshots}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}}{{Efn|AIX 5.1}} | | Refers to PEs as PPs (physical partitions), and to LEs as LPs (logical partitions). Does not have a copy-on-write snapshot mechanism; creates snapshots by freezing one volume of a mirror pair. |- | [[Hewlett-Packard]] | [[HP-UX]] 9.0 | HP Logical Volume Manager | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | | |- | [[FreeBSD Foundation]] | [[FreeBSD]] | [[Vinum volume manager|Vinum Volume Manager]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}}{{Efn|UFS snapshots}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | The FreeBSD fast file system (UFS) supports snapshots. |- | [[FreeBSD Foundation]] | [[FreeBSD]] | [[ZFS]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | A file system with integrated volume management |- | rowspan="3" |The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. | [[NetBSD]] | [[Logical volume manager (BSD)|Logical Volume Manager]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | NetBSD from version 6.0 supports its own re-implementation of Linux LVM. Re-implementation is based on a BSD licensed device-mapper driver and uses a port of Linux lvm tools as the userspace part of LVM. There is no need to support RAID5 in LVM because of NetBSD superior RAIDFrame subsystem. |- | [[NetBSD]] | [[ZFS]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | A file system with integrated volume management |- | {{Section link|NetBSD#5.0}} (2009) | [[bioctl]] [[Areca (company)|arcmsr]]<ref name="netbsd§arcmsr">{{cite web |author1= Juan Romero Pardines (2007/2008) |author2= David Gwynne (2006) |url= http://bxr.su/n/share/man/man4/arcmsr.4 |title= arcmsr — Areca Technology Corporation SATA/SAS RAID controller |work= NetBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual |publisher= [[NetBSD]]}}</ref> | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}}{{r|arcmsr.c}} | {{yes}}{{r|arcmsr.c}} | {{yes}}{{r|arcmsr.c}} | {{yes}}<ref name=arcmsr.c>{{cite web |author1= Juan Romero Pardines (2007/2008) |author2= David Gwynne (2006) |url= http://bxr.su/n/sys/dev/pci/arcmsr.c#arc_bio_volops |title= arcmsr.c § arc_bio_volops |website= BSD Cross Reference |publisher= [[NetBSD]]}}</ref> | | [[bioctl]] on NetBSD can be used for both maintenance and initialisation of hardware RAID, although initialisation (through <code>BIOCVOLOPS</code> [[ioctl]]) is only supported by a single driver as of 2019 — <code>arcmsr(4)</code>{{r|netbsd§arcmsr|arcmsr.c}}; software RAID is supported separately through [[RAIDframe]]<ref name=RAIDframe>{{cite web |author1= The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. (1998) |author2= [[Carnegie-Mellon University]] (1995) |url= http://bxr.su/n/share/man/man4/raid.4 |title= raid — RAIDframe disk driver |work= NetBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual |publisher= [[NetBSD]]}}</ref><ref name=raidctl>{{cite web |author1= The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. (1998) |author2= [[Carnegie-Mellon University]] (1995) |url= http://bxr.su/n/sbin/raidctl/raidctl.8 |title= raidctl — configuration utility for the RAIDframe disk driver |work= NetBSD System Manager's Manual |publisher= [[NetBSD]]}}</ref> and [[ZFS]] |- | The OpenBSD Project | [[OpenBSD version history#4.2|OpenBSD 4.2]] (2007) | [[bioctl]] softraid<ref name="openbsd§softraid">{{cite web |author1= Marco Peereboom |date= 2007 |author2= Todd T. Fries |url= http://bxr.su/o/share/man/man4/softraid.4 |title= softraid — software RAID |work= Device Drivers Manual |publisher= [[OpenBSD]]}} *{{cite book |section=softraid — software RAID |title=OpenBSD manual page server |url=http://mdoc.su/o/softraid.4}}</ref> | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | [[bioctl]] on OpenBSD can be used for maintenance of hardware RAID, as well as for both initialisation and maintenance of software RAID |- | [[Sistina Software|Sistina]] | [[Linux]] 2.2 | [[Logical Volume Manager (Linux)|Logical Volume Manager version 1]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | | {{no}} | |- | [[IBM]] | [[Linux]] 2.4 | [[Enterprise Volume Management System]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | {{no}} | |- | [[Sistina Software|Sistina]] | [[Linux]] 2.6 and above | [[Logical Volume Manager (Linux)|Logical Volume Manager version 2]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | |- | [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] | [[Linux]] 2.6 and above | [[Btrfs]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} (not stable) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | A file system with integrated volume management |- | [[Silicon Graphics]] | [[IRIX]] or [[Linux]] | [[XVM Volume Manager]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | | |- | rowspan="2" | [[Sun Microsystems]] | [[SunOS]] | [[Solaris Volume Manager]] (was [[Solstice DiskSuite]]). | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | Refers to PVs as volumes (which can be combined with RAID0, RAID1 or RAID5 primitives into larger volumes), to LVs as soft partitions (which are contiguous extents placeable anywhere on volumes, but which cannot span multiple volumes), and to VGs as disk sets. |- | [[Solaris 10]] | [[ZFS]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | A file system with integrated volume management |- | | [[illumos]] | [[ZFS]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | A file system with integrated volume management |- | [[Veritas Software|Veritas]]{{Efn|Third-party product, available for Windows and many [[Unix-like]] OSes}} | Cross-OS | [[Veritas Volume Manager]] (VxVM) | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | Refers to LVs as ''volumes'', to VGs as ''disk groups''; has variably-sized PEs called ''subdisks'' and LEs called ''plexes''. |- | rowspan="3" | [[Microsoft]] | [[Windows 2000]] and later NT-based operating systems | [[Logical Disk Manager]] | {{Yes}} | {{yes}}{{Efn|[[Windows Server 2003]] and later}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | Does not have a concept of PEs or LEs; can only RAID0, RAID1, RAID5 or concatenate disk partitions into larger volumes; file systems must span whole volumes. |- | [[Windows 8]] | [[Features new to Windows 8#Storage Spaces|Storage Spaces]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.msdn.com/b/b8/archive/2012/01/05/virtualizing-storage-for-scale-resiliency-and-efficiency.aspx|title=MSDN Blogs - Building Windows 8: Virtualizing Storage for Scale, Resiliency, and Efficiency|website=Blogs.MSDN.com}}</ref> | {{Yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} |Higher-level logic than RAID1 and RAID5 - multiple storage spaces span multiple disks of different size, storage spaces are resilient from physical failure with either mirroring (at least 2 disks) or striped parity (at least 3 disks), disk management and data recovery is fully automatic |- | [[Windows 10]] | [[Storage Spaces]] | {{Yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} |RAID 10 is called disk mirroring |- | [[Red Hat]] | [[Linux]] 4.14 and above | [[Stratis (configuration daemon)|Stratis]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stratis-storage.github.io/ |title=Stratis Storage |publisher=Stratis-storage.github.io |access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref> | {{Yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | RAID support planned in 2.0 version <ref>{{cite web|url=https://stratis-storage.github.io/StratisSoftwareDesign.pdf |title=Stratis Software Design: Version 1.0.0∗ |date=September 27, 2018 |access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref> |- | [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] | [[Mac OS X Lion]] | [[Core Storage]] | {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|title=man page diskutil section 8|url=http://www.manpagez.com/man/8/diskutil/|website=ManPagez.com|access-date=2011-10-06}}</ref> | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | Currently, it is used in Lion's implementation of [[FileVault]], in order to allow for [[full disk encryption]], as well as [[Fusion Drive]], which is merely a multi-PV LVG.<br /> Snapshots are handled by [[Time Machine (macOS)|Time Machine]]; Software-based RAID is provided by AppleRAID. Both are separate from Core Storage. |} <!-- ; [[OS/2]] : Logical Volume Manager (OS/2 4.5 onwards, including [[eComStation]]). : [[Zettabyte File System|ZFS]] (Solaris 10 onwards) :: Actually a file system, but has its own volume-management layer. -->
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