Editing Long Depression (section)

===Chile===
In the late 1870s the economic situation in Chile deteriorated. [[Chilean wheat cycle|Chilean wheat exports]] were outcompeted by production in Canada, Russia and [[Argentina]] and Chilean copper was largely replaced in international markets by copper from the United States and Spain.<ref name=salazar>''Historia contemporánea de Chile III. La economía: mercados empresarios y trabajadores.'' 2002. [[Gabriel Salazar]] and [[Julio Pinto]]. pp. 25–29.</ref> Income from [[Chilean silver rush|silver mining in Chile]] also dropped.<ref name=salazar/> [[Aníbal Pinto]], president of Chile in 1878, expressed his concerns the following way:<ref name=salazar/>

{{cquote|If a new mining discovery or some novelty of that sort does not come to improve the actual situation, the crisis that has long been felt, will worsen|author=[[Aníbal Pinto]], president of Chile, 1878.}}

This "mining discovery" came, according to historians [[Gabriel Salazar]] and [[Julio Pinto]], into existence through the conquest of Bolivian and Peruvian lands in the [[War of the Pacific]].<ref name=salazar/> It has been argued that economic situation and the view of new wealth in the nitrate was the true reason for the Chilean elite to go into war with its neighbors.<ref name=salazar/>

Another response to the economic crisis, according to [[Jorge Pinto Rodríguez]], was the new pulse of [[occupation of Araucanía|conquest of indigenous lands]] that took place in [[Araucanía (historic region)|Araucanía]] in the 1880s.<ref name="salazar25-29">Salazar & Pinto 2002, pp. 25–29.</ref><ref>{{Citation
| last  = Pinto Rodríguez
| first = Jorge
| author-link = Jorge Pinto Rodríguez
| title = Crisis económica y expansión territorial : la ocupación de la Araucanía en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
| journal = Estudios Sociales
| volume  = 72
| year    = 1992
}}</ref>