Editing Machine head (section)

== Innovators ==

* [[Cittern]] maker [[Preston tuners|John Preston]] is often credited with a linear-pull tuning machine, appearing in the latter 1700s
* [[Johann Georg Stauffer]] (1778–1853) was an Austrian luthier generally credited with creating the worm-and-gear tuning machine
* the "Stauffer-style" tuner was brought to the United States by [[Christian Frederick Martin]], founder of [[C. F. Martin & Company]] (1833)
* [[Kluson Manufacturing Company|John Kluson]] established a Chicago machine shop in 1925, specifically for making tuning machines, with the "Kluson-style" design having each mechanism enclosed in a stamped-sheetmetal shell
* [[A. D. Grover]] (1865–1927) held at least 50 patents for musical instrument parts and accessories. The company he founded (now [[Grover Musical Products, Inc.|Grover Musical Products]]) continued to refine the machine-head concept through the 20th century, particularly a design with the mechanism sealed in a cast-metal shell.