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Marmaray
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=== Financing === The [[Japan International Cooperation Agency]] (JICA) and the [[European Investment Bank]] (EBI) provided much of the financing for the project. By April 2006, the JICA had lent 111 billion yen and the EIB 1.05 billion euro for the work. The original cost was estimated at $4.5 billion<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marmaray Railway Engineering Project |url=https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/marmaray/ |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=Railway Technology |language=en-US}}</ref> although it finally cost almost twice that.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkey's Marmaray opens in Istanbul |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkey/turkeys-marmaray-opens-in-istanbul/208260 |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref>
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