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Mick Jagger
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===1980s=== [[File:Mick Jagger (1982).jpg|thumb|alt=Jagger singing onstage in Feijenoord Stadium, Rotterdam in 1982.|Jagger performing in [[Rotterdam]], Netherlands, in June 1982]] Following the success of ''Some Girls'', the band released the album ''[[Emotional Rescue]]'' in mid-1980.{{sfn|Nelson|2010|p=92}} During recording sessions for the album, a rift between Jagger and Richards began developing. Richards wanted to tour in the summer or autumn of 1980 to promote ''Emotional Rescue'', but Jagger declined.{{sfn|Nelson|2010|p=92}} ''Emotional Rescue'' hit the top of the charts on both sides of the Atlantic<ref>{{Cite web |title=Emotional Rescue |url=http://www.rollingstones.com/release/emotional-rescue/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408085109/http://www.rollingstones.com/release/emotional-rescue/ |archive-date=8 April 2016 |access-date=18 June 2018 |website=The Rolling Stones}}</ref> and the title track reached No. 3 in the US.{{sfn|Nelson|2010|p=92}} In early 1981, the Rolling Stones reconvened and began touring the US that year, leaving little time to write and record a new album. The band's album ''Tattoo You'', released in 1981, featured several outtakes, including "[[Start Me Up]]", the album's lead single that reached No. 2<ref>{{Cite news |title=Start Me Up |newspaper=Billboard |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/the-rolling-stones/chart-history/hsi/ |access-date=18 June 2018}}</ref> in the US and ranked No. 22 on Billboard's Hot 100 year-end chart. Two songs, "Waiting on a Friend" (US No. 13), and "Tops", feature Mick Taylor's unused rhythm guitar tracks. Jazz saxophonist [[Sonny Rollins]] plays on three ''Tattoo You'' songs, "[[Slave (Rolling Stones song)|Slave]]", "Neighbours", and "Waiting on a Friend".<ref>{{cite web |last=Janovitz |first=Bill |title=The Rolling Stones: 'Waiting on a Friend' |url={{AllMusic|class=song|id=t2766888|pure_url=yes}} |access-date=12 November 2014 |website=AllMusic}}</ref> The album reached No. 2 in the UK and No. 1 in the US.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tattoo You |url=http://www.rollingstones.com/release/tattoo-you/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408112220/http://www.rollingstones.com/release/tattoo-you/ |archive-date=8 April 2016 |access-date=18 June 2018 |website=The Rolling Stones}}</ref> While continuing to tour and release albums with the Rolling Stones, Jagger began a solo career. According to a February 1985 article in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', Jagger did so to "establish an artistic identity for himself apart from the Rolling Stones" which was described as "his boldest attempt yet".<ref name="Connelly-1985">{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/stepping-out-mick-jagger-goes-solo-19850214 |last=Connelly|first=Christopher|date=14 February 1985|title=Stepping Out: Mick Jagger Goes Solo |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=3 September 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903121355/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/stepping-out-mick-jagger-goes-solo-19850214 |archive-date=3 September 2017}}</ref> Jagger started writing and recording material for his first solo album ''[[She's the Boss]]''.<ref name="Connelly-1985" /> Released on 19 February 1985,<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/shes-the-boss-19850328 |title=Mick Jagger: She's The Boss |last=Pareles |first=John |date=19 February 1985 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018202931/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/shes-the-boss-19850328 |archive-date=18 October 2017}}</ref> the album, produced by [[Nile Rodgers]] and [[Bill Laswell]], features [[Herbie Hancock]], [[Jeff Beck]], [[Jan Hammer]], Pete Townshend and the [[Compass Point All Stars]]. It sold well, and the single "Just Another Night" was a Top Ten hit. During this period, he collaborated with [[the Jacksons]] on the song "[[State of Shock (song)|State of Shock]]", sharing lead vocals with [[Michael Jackson]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-best-singles-of-1984-pops-greatest-year-20140917/the-jacksons-feat-mick-jagger-state-of-shock-20140917 |last1=Ganz|first1=Caryn|last2=Weingarten|first2=Christopher R.|last3=Harvilla|first3=Rob|last4=Montgomery|first4=James|last5=Aaron|first5=Charles|last6=Murray|first6=Nick|last7=Shipley|first7=Al|last8=Grow|first8=Kory|last9=Harris|first9=Keith|last10=Fischer|first10=Reed|last11=Johnston|first11=Maura|author11-link=Maura Johnston |last12=Matos|first12=Michaelangelo|last13=Eddy|first13=Chuck|title=100 Best Singles of 1984: Pop's Greatest Year |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=1 September 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902044534/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-best-singles-of-1984-pops-greatest-year-20140917/the-jacksons-feat-mick-jagger-state-of-shock-20140917 |archive-date=2 September 2017|date=17 September 2014|url-access=limited}}</ref> In 1985, Jagger performed without the Rolling Stones at [[Live Aid]], a multi-venue charity concert in 1985. Jagger performed at [[Philadelphia]]'s [[John F. Kennedy Stadium (Philadelphia)|JFK Stadium]], where he also performed a duet of "[[It's Only Rock 'n Roll (But I Like It)|It's Only Rock and Roll]]" with [[Tina Turner]], highlighted by Jagger tearing away Turner's skirt, and a cover of "[[Dancing in the Street]]" with [[David Bowie]], who was performing at [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] in London. The video was shown simultaneously on the screens of both Wembley and JFK Stadiums. The song reached No. 1 in the UK the same year.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9MW5QuVob8gC&q=dancing+in+the+street+uk+number+1&pg=PT121 |title=Ready For a Brand New Beat: How "Dancing in the Street" Became the Anthem for a Changing America |last=Kurlansky |first=Mark |year=2013 |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-1-101-61626-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906050515/https://books.google.com/books?id=9MW5QuVob8gC&pg=PT121&lpg=PT121&dq=dancing+in+the+street+uk+number+1&source=bl&ots=s7iP5Gmyuy&sig=CTLTExA9tVzJH_e5tfGvLhNtJZo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHocTSzITWAhUO-mMKHVmpCr8Q6AEIbzAK#v=onepage&q=dancing%20in%20the%20street%20uk%20number%201&f=false |archive-date=6 September 2017}}</ref> Richards ended his heroin use and became more present in decision-making, but Jagger was not accustomed to Richards' presence and did not like his authority over the band diminished. This led to a feud between Jagger and Richards that has been referred to as "[[World War III]]" with concern at the time that Jagger touring without the Stones could prove a "death sentence" for the band.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Gilmore |first=Mikal |date=7 May 2013 |title=Love and War Inside the Rolling Stones |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/love-and-war-inside-the-rolling-stones-94552/ |url-access=limited |access-date=6 July 2022 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US |archive-date=25 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325191305/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/love-and-war-inside-the-rolling-stones-94552/ |url-status=live }}</ref> When the Stones released ''Dirty Work'' in March 1986, Jagger's relations with Richards had reached an all-time low, leading Jagger to refuse to tour with the band to support the new album. Jagger responded, saying: <blockquote>I think that one ought to be allowed to have one's artistic side apart from just being in the Rolling Stones. I love the Rolling Stones—I think it's wonderful, I think it's done a lot of wonderful things for music. But, you know, it cannot be, at my age and after spending all these years, the only thing in my life.<ref name="WP">{{Cite news |last=Andrews |first=Travis M. |date=1 March 2018 |title=Keith Richards insulted Mick Jagger again. This time, he apologized. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/03/01/keith-richard-insulted-mick-jagger-again-this-time-he-apologized/ |access-date=11 November 2021 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802225004/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/03/01/keith-richard-insulted-mick-jagger-again-this-time-he-apologized/ |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote> Jagger released his second solo album, ''[[Primitive Cool]]'', in 1987. Though it failed to match the commercial success of his debut solo album, it was critically well received. Richards released his first solo album, ''[[Talk is Cheap]]'', shortly afterwards. Many felt the respective solo efforts marked the end of the Rolling Stones as a band.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=Randy |date=22 March 2019 |title=Keith Richards says his '88 solo album 'Talk Is Cheap' made him appreciate Mick more |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-keith-richards-solo-album-talk-cheap-20190322-story.html |access-date=11 November 2021 |archive-date=11 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111165156/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-keith-richards-solo-album-talk-cheap-20190322-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1988, Jagger produced the songs "[[Glamour Boys (song)|Glamour Boys]]" and "Which Way to America" on [[Living Colour]]'s album ''[[Vivid (Living Colour album)|Vivid]]''. Between 15 and 28 March, he also performed a solo concert tour in Japan, playing in [[Tokyo]], [[Nagoya]], and [[Osaka]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/mick-jagger-tour-rolls-in-japan-19880505 |title=Mick Jagger Tour Rolls in Japan |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715075231/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/mick-jagger-tour-rolls-in-japan-19880505 |last=Cahoon|first=Keith|archive-date=15 July 2015|date=5 May 1988|url-status=live|url-access=limited}}</ref> Jagger and Richards reunited in the [[Barbados]] in 1988 and produced dozens of new songs. Richards recalls:<blockquote>We just started in. And within two days, we realized we had five or six songs happening. I did have to take Mick to a few discos—which are not my favourite places in the world—because Mick likes to go out and dance at night. So I did that. That was my sacrifice. I humoured him. And that's when I knew we could work together.<ref name="uneasy truce">{{cite magazine|last=Fricke|first=David|date=7 September 1989|title=The Rolling Stones: Mick Jagger and Keith Richards' Uneasy Truce|access-date=16 July 2022|url-access=limited|magazine=Rolling Stone|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-rolling-stones-mick-jagger-and-keith-richards-uneasy-truce-191973/}}</ref></blockquote> Ron Wood believes the modest sales of Jagger's ''Primitive Cool'' "surprised" Jagger and made him "realize the strength of the band". Richards recalled, "We've been stuffed together for years and one of the consequences of the break was making us realize we were stuck together whether we liked it or not. Jagger said, "Because we've been doing it for so long, we don't really have to discuss it. When we come up with a lick or a riff or a chorus, we already know if it's right or if it's wrong."<ref name="uneasy truce" /> On 29 August 1989, the band released its 19th UK and{{sfn|Margotin|Guesdon|2016|p=574}} 21st US album, ''[[Steel Wheels]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Giles |first=Jeff |date=29 August 2015 |title=How the Rolling Stones Finally Regrouped for 'Steel Wheels' |url=https://ultimateclassicrock.com/rolling-stones-steel-wheels/ |access-date=11 November 2021 |website=[[Ultimate Classic Rock]] |archive-date=11 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111191326/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/rolling-stones-steel-wheels/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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