Editing Monument (section)

== Types ==
[[File:Braniborská brána.jpg|thumb|[[Brandenburg Gate]] in [[Berlin]], nationalist symbol of [[Germany]] and its [[German reunification|unity]]]]
* [[Benchmark (surveying)|Benchmarks]] placed by a government agency or private survey firm.
* [[Building]]s designed as [[landmark]]s, usually built with an extraordinary feature, such being designed as the tallest, largest, or most distinctive design, e.g., the [[Burj Khalifa]] in Dubai, the world's tallest structure or the [[One World Trade Center]], the [[tallest building in the United States]], built to memorialize the attack on September 11.
* [[Cenotaph]]s (intended to honour the dead who are buried elsewhere) and other [[memorial]]s to commemorate the dead, usually war casualties, e.g., [[India Gate]] and [[Vimy Memorial|Vimy Ridge Memorial]], or disaster casualties, such as the [[Titanic Memorial, Belfast|''Titanic'' Memorial, Belfast]].
* [[Church monument]]s to commemorate the faithful dead, located above or near their grave, often featuring an [[effigy]], e.g., [[St. Peter's Basilica]] or the medieval church [[Santa Maria di Collemaggio|Sta Maria di Collemaggio]] in L'Aquila.
* [[Column]]s, often topped with a statue, e.g., [[Berlin Victory Column]], [[Nelson's Column]] in London, and [[Trajan's Column]] in Rome.
* [[Eternal flame]]s that are kept burning continuously, usually lit to honor unknown soldiers, e.g., at the [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Moscow)|Tomb of Unknown Soldier]] in Moscow or at the [[John F. Kennedy gravesite]] in Virginia's [[Arlington National Cemetery]].[[File:Washington Monument Dusk Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[Washington Monument]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], which honors the first [[US President|president]] of the United States, [[George Washington]], is the world's tallest [[obelisk]].]]
[[File:P1090119 Chiny.JPG|thumb|The [[Great Wall of China]], a massive fortification structure that became the monument of [[Ancient China|Chinese civilization]]]]
* [[Fountain]]s, water-pouring structures usually placed in formal [[garden]]s or [[town square]]s, e.g., [[Fontaines de la Concorde]] and [[Gardens of Versailles]].
* [[Headstone|Gravestone]]s, small monuments to the deceased, placed at their gravesites, e.g., the tombs and vaults of veterans in [[Les Invalides]] and [[Srebrenica Genocide Memorial]].
* [[Mausoleum]]s and [[tomb]]s to honor the dead, e.g., the [[Great Pyramid of Giza]], [[Libyco-Punic Mausoleum of Dougga]] and [[Taj Mahal]].
* [[Monolith]]s erected for religious or commemorative purposes, e.g., [[Stonehenge]].
*  [[Mosques|Mosque Monuments]], places of worship that generally have [[domes]] and [[minarets]] that stand out against the skyline. They also usually feature highly skilled [[Islamic calligraphy]] and geometric artwork, e.g., the [[Mosque of the Prophet]].
* [[Mound]]s erected to commemorate great leaders or events, e.g., [[Kościuszko Mound]].
* [[Obelisk]]s, usually erected to commemorate great leaders, e.g., [[Cleopatra's Needle (London)|Cleopatra's Needle]] in London, the [[National Monument (Indonesia)|National Monument ("Monas")]] in Central Jakarta, and the [[Washington Monument]] in Washington, D.C.
* [[Palace]]s, imposing royal residences designed to impress people with their grandeur and greatness, e.g., [[Forbidden City]] in Beijing, [[Palace of Versailles]], and [[Schwerin Palace]] in Schwerin.
* [[Searchlight]]s to project a powerful beam of light, e.g., ''[[Tribute in Light]]'' in the [[National September 11 Memorial & Museum]] in New York City, commemorating the [[September 11 attacks]] of 2001.
* [[Statue]]s of famous individuals or symbols, e.g., the [[Niederwalddenkmal]] (''Germania'') in Hesse, ''Liberty Enlightening the World'' (commonly known as the [[Statue of Liberty]]) in New York City, and ''[[The Motherland Calls]]'' in Volgograd.
* [[Temple]]s or religious structures built for pilgrimage, ritual or commemorative purposes, e.g., [[Borobudur]] in Magelang and [[Kaaba]] in Mecca.
* [[Terminating Vista]]s, layout design for urban monuments on the end of an avenue, e.g., [[Opera Garnier]] in Paris.
* [[Triumphal arch]]es, almost always to commemorate military successes, e.g., the [[Arch of Constantine]] in Rome and [[Arc de Triomphe]] de l'Étoile in Paris.
* [[War memorials]], e.g., the [[Marine Corps War Memorial|Iwo Jima Memorial]] in Arlington, VA,  the [[Laboe Naval Memorial]], the Lorraine American Cemetery and Memorial in [[St Avold]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abmc.gov/cemeteries-memorials/europe/lorraine-american-cemetery#.VgTzaJWhfrc|website=abmc.gov|title=Lorraine American Cemetery and Memorial|date=January 1960 }}</ref> and the [[Soviet War Memorial (Treptower Park)|Soviet War Memorial]] in Berlin.

=== Examples of notable monuments ===
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File:Memorial a Victoria, Londres, Inglaterra, 2014-08-07, DD 008.JPG|[[Victoria Memorial, London|Victoria monument]] in [[London]], a memorial to [[Queen Victoria]] of the [[British Empire]]
File:Columna de la Independencia de Mêxico.JPG|[[El Ángel]] national monument built to commemorate the independence of [[Mexico]]
File:Statue of liberty 01.jpg|The [[Statue of Liberty]] (''Liberty Enlightening the World''), the symbol of the [[United States]]' freedom
File:Alger Memorial-du-Martyr IMG 1172.JPG|The [[Martyrs' Memorial, Algiers|Maqam Echahid]], in [[Algiers]], iconic concrete monument commemorating the [[Algerian War|Algerian war for independence]]
File:Eiffel Tower Day Sept. 2005 (10).jpg|The [[Eiffel Tower]], in [[Paris]], a monument commemorating the [[French Revolution]] for its centenary
File:Azadi Tower on a clean day.jpg|[[Azadi tower]] in [[Tehran]], commemorates the 2,500 years of the [[Persian Empire]] and the history of [[Iran]]
File:Mauzoleumlenina (cropped).jpeg|[[Lenin mausoleum]] in [[Moscow]], an enduring symbol of Soviet Union [[Communism]] and [[Cold War]]
File:62930-Beijing-Tiananmen-Square (28609067112).jpg|[[Chairman Mao Memorial Hall]] is located on the [[Tiananmen Square]], where the [[Gate of China, Beijing|Beijing Gate of China]] used to stand.
File:DJI 0236 Kopiec Kościuszki.jpg|[[Kościuszko Mound]], [[Poland]] commemorates [[Tadeusz Kościuszko]]
File: Alexander Graham Bell Brantford Monument 0.98.jpg|The [[Bell Telephone Memorial]], commemorates the invention of the telephone, [[Brantford, Ontario]]
File:Hiroshima Peace Park (46377585071).jpg|The Hiroshima [[Hiroshima Peace Memorial|Cenotaph and Atomic Bomb Dome]] to remember the victims of [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|August 6, 1945 atomic bombing]]
File:Lincoln Memorial east side.JPG|The [[Lincoln Memorial]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] honors American President [[Abraham Lincoln]].
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