Editing Moshing (section)

== Variations ==
*The '''Huntington Beach strut''' or simply the '''HB Strut''' is the original style of slam dancing which was popular the Southern California hardcore in the late 1970s and 1980s. It involves "strutting around in a circle, swinging your arms and hitting everyone within reach".<ref name="Blush, 2001, p.31" />

*The '''Boston thrash''' or '''punching penguins''' is Boston's more violent development upon the Huntington Beach strut, which incorporates punching below the neck.<ref name="Blush, 2001, p.249" />

*A '''pig pile''' is a style moshing popular amongst the Boston hardcore scene in the 1980s. It involved one person being pushed to the ground and others beginning to pile on top of them.<ref name="Blush, 2001, p.249" />

*'''Wrecking''' is a style of moshing that is prevalent in the [[psychobilly]] scene. It involves standing in one spot with arms flailing in order to make contact with those around. The practice was originated by fans of [[the Meteors]] and named in reference to the band's fanbase being called the "Wrecking Crew".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pryce |first1=Lois |title=My first psychobilly gig: The Klub Foot, The Meteors, and a thousand DMs |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/my-first-psychobilly-gig-the-klub-foot-the-meteors-and-a-thousand-dms-10469857.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=7 July 2024}}</ref> Found Meteors drummer Mark Robertson specifically cited wrecking as beginning with [[Adam and the Ants]], when they become involved in the psychobilly scene.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hann |first1=Michael |title=Big quiffs, zombies and dead crows: the wild world of psychobilly |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2021/jul/30/big-quiffs-zombies-and-dead-crows-the-wild-world-of-psychobilly |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=30 July 2021 |access-date=7 July 2024}}</ref>

*A '''circle pit''' is a form of moshing in which participants run in a circular motion around the edges of the pit, often leaving an open space in the centre.<ref name="ABC">{{cite news |last1=Rääbus |first1=Carol |title=Mosh pit rules are important to know if you're taking the plunge this music festival season |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-27/mosh-pit-etiquette-stay-safe-and-have-fun/9268764 |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Company]] |date=26 December 2017 |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref>

*A '''wall of death''' is a form of moshing which sees the audience divide down the middle into two halves either side of the venue, before each side runs towards the other, slamming the two sides together.<ref name="ABC"/> According to [[Noisecreep]], the consensus is that it was invented by American [[hardcore punk]] band [[Sick of it All]].<ref name="Noisecreep">{{cite web |last1=HARTMANN |first1=GRAHAM |title=10 EPIC WALLS OF DEATH |url=https://noisecreep.com/10-epic-walls-of-death/ |website=[[Noisecreep]] |date=20 June 2014 |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref> However, the band's vocalist Lou Koller has stated that he merely revived the practice in 1996, as he often saw a similar act performed in the 1980s [[New York hardcore]] scene.<ref>{{cite AV media |people=Lou Koller |date=9 October 2019 |title=SICK OF IT ALL's Lou Koller: Origin of the Wall of Death, Roots of Hardcore & Touring Plans!}}</ref> [[Loudwire]] senior writer Graham Hartmann referred to it as "Perhaps the most bad ass and dangerous ritual you can experience in a mosh pit".<ref name="Noisecreep" /> Venues will often ask bands not to organize the Wall of Death themselves due to the inherent risk involved and liability.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Grundke |first1=Vincent |title=These Are the Most Epic "Wall of Death" Photos from Germany's Wacken Festival |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/these-are-the-most-epic-wall-of-death-photos-from-germanys-wacken-festival/ |access-date=29 January 2020 |work=Vice |publisher=Noisey |date=12 August 2017}}</ref>

*'''Hardcore dancing''' is a term that covers multiple style of moshing<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hill |first1=Stephen |title=The Story Behind The Song: Step Down by Sick Of It All |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/sick-of-it-all-the-story-behind-step-down |website=[[Metal Hammer]] |date=30 January 2019 |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref> including windmilling<ref name="Browardpalmbeach">{{cite web |last1=PREIRA |first1=MATT |title=Top Five Mosh Pit Moves, From Rudimentary to Advanced |url=https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/top-five-mosh-pit-moves-from-rudimentary-to-advanced-6426169 |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref> two stepping, floorpunching, picking up pennies, axehandling, bucking, and wheelbarrowing.<ref name="Free Bird">{{cite web |title=Music Sound Hardcore dancing |url=http://www.freebirdradio.net/acr/modules.php?name=Music_Sound&page=Hardcore_dancing.html |access-date=23 January 2020 |archive-date=4 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204221445/http://www.freebirdradio.net/acr/modules.php?name=Music_Sound&page=Hardcore_dancing.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The practice began in [[New York City]] in the 1980s.<ref name="Free Bird" />
**A '''two step''' is a style of hardcore dancing done during mid-tempo sections of songs. It is a running–in–place motion in which legs are crossed over one another while the opposite arm punches downwards. It descends directly from skanking.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=May 7, 2014 |quote=The two-step is also common in hardcore dancing. It is used exclusively during mid- tempo punk rock styled riffs and beats (for a good example of such a beat listen to "Safety Dance" by Men Without Hats. Much like the two step in breakdancing or country line dancing, it involves placing one foot in front of the other and hopping forward onto it, then repeated with the other foot, etc. Combined with forward thrusts by the arm opposite to the forward-stepping foot, the dance creates a sort of "running in place" illusion. The move is commonly practiced and refined to look slick or interesting. The "two step," was taken from another form of dancing known to ska music, "skanking."}}</ref>

*'''Crowd killing''' is when a mosher moshes against the crowd around the sides of the pit. According to ''[[Kerrang!]]'' writer Amanda van Poznak it is generally looked down upon.<ref name="Poznak 2019">{{cite web |last1=Van Poznak |first1=Amanda |title=How To Mosh: Every Move You Must Know |url=https://www.kerrang.com/how-to-mosh-every-move-you-must-know |website=[[Kerrang]] |date=8 January 2019 |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>

*'''Hip hop pits''' are generally less violent than those in hardcore, instead consisting of "a mass of people enthusiastically nudg[ing] each other while jumping in unison".<ref name="Pandya, 2017"/>
*'''Slingshot''' when a person bends down in the audience of a show and another person runs at them grabs the persons foot and flings them into the crowd, this often leads to crowd surfing. It can be dangerous to be flung as well as dangerous for bystanders as they could be hit by the flung person.<ref name="ABC"/>