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Mountain man
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==Notable mountain men== {{main article|List of mountain men}} [[File:Old Bill Williams.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Rocky Mountains Trapper (supposedly) [[William S. Williams|William "Old Bill" Williams]]]] * [[Jim Beckwourth]] (1798–1866) was born into [[slavery]], arrived in Missouri with his parents and was freed by his father. He started working with the Ashley expedition, signed on with the [[Rocky Mountain Fur Company]], and became a well-known mountain man. He lived with the [[Crow people|Crow]] for years and became a war chief. He was the only [[African Americans|African American]] in the West to have his life story published (1856<ref name=BeckwourthAutobiography>{{cite book|last1=Bonner|first1=Thomas D.|title=The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth, Mountaineer, Scout, and Pioneer, and Chief of the Crow Nation of Indians. With Illustrations. Written from His Own Dictation|date=1856|publisher=Harper Brothers|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aMowAAAAMAAJ|access-date=2 August 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629230810/http://books.google.com/books?id=aMowAAAAMAAJ|archive-date=29 June 2014}}</ref>). He was credited with the discovery of [[Beckwourth Pass]] in the [[Sierra Nevada]] in 1850 and improved a [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] path creating what became known as the Beckwourth Trail through the mountains to [[Marysville, California]]. * [[Jim Bridger]] (1804–1881) went west in 1822 at age 17 as a member of [[Rocky Mountain Fur Company|Ashley's Hundred]] exploring the Upper [[Missouri River]] area. He was among the first non-natives to see the [[geyser]]s and other natural wonders of the [[Yellowstone National Park|Yellowstone]] region. He is also considered one of the first men of European descent, along with [[Étienne Provost]], to see the [[Great Salt Lake]], which because of its salinity, he first believed was an arm of the [[Pacific Ocean]]. In 1830, Bridger purchased shares in the [[Rocky Mountain Fur Company]]. He established [[Fort Bridger]] in southwestern [[Wyoming]] and was well known as a teller of [[tall tales]]. Fort Bridger later figured in the history of the [[Donner Party]]. * [[Francis Buzzacott]] (1861-1947), American hunter, trapper and explorer who wrote [[Buzzacott's Masterpiece]]. * [[Kit Carson]] (1809–1868) achieved notability for his later exploits, but he got his start and gained some early recognition as a trapper. Carson explored the west to California and north through the Rocky Mountains. He lived among and married into the [[Arapaho]] and [[Cheyenne]] tribes. He was hired by [[John C. Frémont]] ("the Pathfinder") as a guide and led him through much of California, Oregon, and the [[Great Basin]] area, and achieved national fame through Fremont. Stories of his life as a mountain man turned him into a frontier hero-figure, the prototypical mountain man of his time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/carson.htm |title=PBS.org |publisher=PBS.org |access-date=2012-10-01}}</ref> * [[Mansel Carter]] (1902–1987), a.k.a. "Man of the Mountain" was a businessman and gold prospector. In 1987, Phoenix Magazine named him one of "Arizona Legends". His gravesite in the Gold Mountain of the [[San Tan Mountains Regional Park|San Tan Mountain Regional Park]] in [[Queen Creek, Arizona]], is a tourist attraction.<ref name="HS">{{Cite web |url=http://www.queencreek.org/about-us/town-history/historical-stories/mansel-carter |title=Historical Stories |access-date=2017-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052905/http://www.queencreek.org/about-us/town-history/historical-stories/mansel-carter |archive-date=2017-12-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="STM">[http://bushducks.com/tripreps/santan.htm Exploring Carter and Kennedy's San Tan Mountains]</ref><ref name="QCP">[https://queencreekindependent.com/history/queen-creek-community-park-named-iconic-resident/ Queen Creek community park to be named after iconic resident.]</ref><ref name="AR">[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/118389443/Arizona Republic; September 22, 2001.]{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[John Colter]] (1774–1812 or 1813), one of the first mountain men, was a member of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]]. He later became the first European man to enter [[Yellowstone National Park]] and to see what is now [[Jackson Hole]] and the [[Teton Range|Teton Mountain Range]]. His description of the [[Geothermal areas of Yellowstone|geothermal activity]] there seemed so outrageous to some that the area was mockingly referred to as [[Colter's Hell]]. Colter's narrow escape following capture by [[Blackfoot Confederacy|Blackfeet]], leaving him naked and alone in the wilderness, became a legend known as "[[John Colter#Colter's Run|Colter's Run]]". * [[George Drouillard]] (1774 or 1775–1810) was a hunter, interpreter, and sign-talker on the Lewis and Clark Expedition, often considered one of Lewis' two most appreciated members (with John Colter). Born to a French Canadian father and a Shawnee mother in Detroit, Drouillard proved to be the most skillful hunter on the expedition, notably during the harsh wintering in [[Fort Clatsop]]. He went on trapping in today's [[Wyoming]] and [[Montana]] after the expedition, working for [[Manuel Lisa]]'s Missouri Fur Company, where he had signed on in 1807. Often venturing out alone like John Colter, notably to the headwaters of the [[Bighorn River|Big Horn]] River from the [[Yellowstone River|Yellowstone]] and around the [[Missouri Headwaters State Park|Three Forks of the Missouri]], Drouillard was killed in May 1810 by Blackfoot Indians in the Three Forks area. * [[Hugh Glass]] (1783–1833) was a frontiersman & fur trapper best known for his survival from a grizzly bear attack near the Missouri River. The films ''[[Man in the Wilderness]]'' (1971) and ''[[The Revenant (2015 film)|The Revenant]]'' (2015) are fictionalized versions of Glass and the grizzly bear episode. * [[Sylvan Ambrose Hart|Sylvan "Buckskin Bill" Hart]] (1906–1980), known as the "Last of the Mountain Men",<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Peterson|first1=Harold|title=The Last of The Mountain Men|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1966/10/03/610646/the-last-of-the-mountain-men|magazine=Sports Illustrated|publisher=Time, Inc.|access-date=20 February 2016}}</ref> lived along the [[Salmon River (Idaho)|Salmon River]] in the [[Frank Church–River of No Return Wilderness|Frank Church River of No Return Wilderness]] in [[Idaho]] from 1932 to 1980. * [[Liver-Eating Johnson|John "Liver-Eating" Johnson]] (1824–1900) was one of the more notable latter-day mountain men. Johnson worked in [[Wyoming]] and [[Montana]], trapping for beaver, buffalo, and wolf hides. Unaffiliated with a company, Johnson bargained independently to sell his hides. Elements of his story were portrayed in the film ''[[Jeremiah Johnson (film)|Jeremiah Johnson]]'', and Dennis McLelland wrote a biography about him. * [[Seth Kinman]] (1815–1888) was a legendary frontiersman best known for his settlement in California * [[Joseph Meek]] (1810–1875) was a trapper, law enforcement official, and politician in the Oregon Country and later [[Oregon Territory]]. A pioneer involved in the fur trade before settling in the [[Tualatin Valley]], Meek played a prominent role at the [[Champoeg Meetings]] of 1843, where he was elected as a sheriff. Later he served in the [[Provisional Legislature of Oregon]] before being selected as the [[United States Marshals Service|United States Marshal]] for the Oregon Territory. * [[Jedediah Smith]] (1799–1831) was a hunter, trapper, and fur trader whose explorations were significant in opening the American West to settlement by Europeans and Americans. Smith is considered the first man of European descent to cross the future state of [[Nevada]]; the first to traverse [[Utah]] from north to south and from west to east; and the first American to enter [[California]] by an overland route. He was also first to scale the [[Sierra Nevada|High Sierra]] and explore the area from [[San Diego]] to the banks of the [[Columbia River]]. He was a successful businessman and a full partner in the [[Rocky Mountain Fur Company]] after Ashley's departure. Smith had notable facial scarring from a [[grizzly bear]] attack. * [[William Sublette]] (1798–1845) was a fur trapper, pioneer, and mountain man who, with his brothers after 1823, became an agent of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company (and later one of its owners), exploiting the riches of the Oregon Country, which helped settle the best routes later improved into the Oregon Trail. * [[Old Bill Williams]] (1787–1849) was a frontiersman & furtrapper best known for his expeditions to the American west & as an interpreter for the U.S. government
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