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Mustafa I
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==Second reign (1622–1623)== Mustafa commenced his second reign by executing all those who had taken any part in the murder of Sultan Osman. Hoca Ömer Efendi, the chief of the rebels, the kızlar Agha Suleiman Agha, the vizier Dilaver Pasha, the Kaim-makam Ahmed Pasha, the defterdar Baki Pasha, the segban-bashi Nasuh Agha, and the general of the Janissaries Ali Agha, were executed.<ref name="Evliya Çelebi, Joseph Freiherr von Hammer-Purgstall 1834 115">{{cite book|author=Evliya Çelebi, Joseph Freiherr von Hammer-Purgstall|title=Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa in the Seventeenth Century, Volume 1|publisher=Oriental Translation Fund|year=1834|pages=115}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=November 2016}} The epithet "Veli" (meaning "saint") was used in reference to him during his reign.<ref>{{cite book |author= Baki Tezcan |title=The Second Ottoman Empire: Political and Social Transformation in the Early Modern World |publisher=Cambridge University Press |place=Cambridge |date=2010|pages=75 |isbn=978-0-521-51949-6}}</ref> His mental condition unimproved, Mustafa was a puppet controlled by his mother and brother-in-law, the grand vizier [[Kara Davud Pasha]]. He believed that Osman II was still alive and was seen searching for him throughout the palace, knocking on doors and crying out to his nephew to relieve him from the burden of sovereignty.<ref>Imber. ''The Ottoman Empire'', p. 99.</ref> "The present emperor being a fool" (according to English Ambassador [[Sir Thomas Roe]]), he was compared unfavorably with his predecessor.<ref name="Fleet. p.42"/> In fact, it was his mother [[Halime Sultan]] the de facto-co-ruler as Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
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