Editing NetWare (section)

=== {{anchor|4.0|4.01|4.02|4.1|4.11|4.12|4.2}}NetWare 4.''x'' ===
[[File:Novell BrainShare sitting outside FAMB 1995.jpg|thumb|right|NetWare&nbsp;4 and NDS were the subjects of many technical sessions at the [[Novell BrainShare]] conference, here seen during a break in 1995.]]
[[File:Novell NetWare 2.0 packages.jpg|thumb|right|Packages of NetWare 4.''x'']]
Version&nbsp;4 in 1993 introduced NetWare Directory Services, later re-branded as [[Novell Directory Services]] (NDS), based on [[X.500]], which replaced the Bindery with a global [[directory service]], in which the infrastructure was described and managed in a single place. Additionally, NDS provided an extensible [[Database schema|schema]], allowing the introduction of new object types. This allowed a single user authentication to NDS to govern access to any server in the directory tree structure. Users could therefore access network resources no matter on which server they resided, although user license counts were still tied to individual servers. (Large enterprises could opt for a license model giving them essentially unlimited per-server users if they let Novell audit their total user count.)

Version&nbsp;4 also introduced a number of useful tools and features, such as transparent compression at file system level and [[RSA (algorithm)|RSA]] public/private [[encryption]].

Another new feature was the NetWare Asynchronous Services Interface (NASI). It allowed network sharing of multiple serial devices, such as [[modems]]. Client port redirection occurred via a DOS or Windows driver allowing companies to consolidate modems and [[plain old telephone service|analog phone]] lines.<ref name="Cisco_2013_IOS"/>