Editing Net neutrality (section)

===Open Internet===
Under an ''open Internet'' system, the full resources of the Internet and means to operate on it should be easily accessible to all individuals, companies, and organizations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/unpacked/2017/09/15/what-is-the-open-internet-rule|title=What is the Open Internet Rule?|last=Wheeler|first=Tom|date=15 September 2017|website=Brookings|access-date=27 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028201703/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/unpacked/2017/09/15/what-is-the-open-internet-rule/|archive-date=28 October 2017}}</ref> Applicable concepts include: net neutrality, [[open standard]]s, [[Transparency (telecommunication)|transparency]], lack of [[Internet censorship]], and low [[barriers to entry]]. The concept of the open Internet is sometimes expressed as an expectation of [[Technological decentralization|decentralized technological power]], and is seen by some observers as closely related to [[open-source software]], a type of software program whose maker allows users access to the code that runs the program, so that users can improve the software or fix [[bug (computing)|bugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gigaom.com/2012/03/23/open-vs-closed-what-kind-of-internet-do-we-want|title=Open vs. closed: What kind of internet do we want?|website=GigaOm|author=Ingram, Mathew|date=23 March 2012|access-date=8 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528071158/http://gigaom.com/2012/03/23/open-vs-closed-what-kind-of-internet-do-we-want/|archive-date=28 May 2014}}</ref> Proponents of net neutrality see neutrality as an important component of an ''open Internet'', wherein policies such as equal treatment of data and open [[web standards]] allow those using the Internet to easily communicate, and conduct business and activities without interference from a third party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/about-open-internet|title=About the Open Internet|website=European Commission|access-date=23 April 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424065845/http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/about-open-internet|archive-date=24 April 2014}}</ref>

In contrast, a ''closed Internet'' refers to the opposite situation, wherein established persons, corporations, or governments favor certain uses, restrict access to necessary [[web standards]], [[Traffic shaping|artificially degrade]] some services, or explicitly [[Internet censorship|filter out content]]. Some countries such as [[Thailand]] block certain websites or types of sites, and monitor and/or censor Internet use using [[Internet police]], a specialized type of [[law enforcement]], or [[secret police]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://2bangkok.com/blocked.shtml|title=Website Censorship in Thailand – 2008–2011 {{!}} 2Bangkok.com|last=admin|website=2bangkok.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-14|archive-date=27 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060627183638/http://www.2bangkok.com/blocked.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Other countries such as Russia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2016/russia|title=Russia|date=10 November 2016|website=freedomhouse.org|language=en|access-date=2019-03-22|archive-date=24 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124081915/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2016/russia|url-status=dead}}</ref> China,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/china0806/3.htm|title="Race to the Bottom": Corporate Complicity in Chinese Internet Censorship: II. How Censorship Works in China: A Brief Overview|website=www.hrw.org|access-date=2019-03-22|archive-date=22 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422063645/http://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/china0806/3.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[North Korea]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chogabje.com/board/view.asp?C_IDX=59852&C_CC=AZ|title=국경없는 기자회 '북한 언론자유 세계 최악 수준'|website=www.chogabje.com|access-date=2019-03-22|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225201734/http://www.chogabje.com/board/view.asp?C_IDX=59852&C_CC=AZ|url-status=live}}</ref> also use similar tactics to Thailand to control the variety of Internet media within their respective countries. In comparison to the United States or Canada for example, these countries have far more restrictive Internet service providers. This approach is reminiscent of a [[closed platform]] system, as both ideas are highly similar.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tåg|first=Joacim|date=April 2008|title=Open Versus Closed Platforms|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f672/bc06ea9b47994a0677f8eaa088a86699b525.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322010231/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f672/bc06ea9b47994a0677f8eaa088a86699b525.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-03-22|journal=Open Versus Closed Platforms|volume=209|pages=18|s2cid=33240943}}</ref> These systems all serve to hinder access to a wide variety of Internet service, which is a stark contrast to the idea of an open Internet system.