Editing Nitro compound (section)

==Occurrence==
=== In nature ===
[[Chloramphenicol]] is a rare example of a [[natural product|naturally occurring]] nitro compound. At least some naturally occurring nitro groups arose by the oxidation of amino groups.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2007.06.014 |pmid=17765264 |title=Structure and Action of the N-oxygenase AurF from Streptomyces thioluteus |journal=Journal of Molecular Biology |volume=373 |issue=1 |pages=65–74 |year=2007 |last1=Zocher |first1=Georg |last2=Winkler |first2=Robert |last3=Hertweck |first3=Christian |last4=Schulz |first4=Georg E}}</ref> [[2-Nitrophenol]] is an aggregation [[pheromone]] of [[tick]]s.

Examples of nitro compounds are rare in nature. [[3-Nitropropionic acid]] found in [[fungus|fungi]] and plants (''[[Indigofera]]''). [[Nitropentadecene]] is a defense compound found in [[termite]]s. [[Aristolochic acid|Aristolochic acids]] are found in the flowering plant family [[Aristolochiaceae]]. Nitrophenylethane is found in ''Aniba canelilla''.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Maia | first1=José Guilherme S. | last2=Andrade | first2=Eloísa Helena A. | title=Database of the Amazon aromatic plants and their essential oils | journal=Química Nova | publisher=FapUNIFESP (SciELO) | volume=32 | issue=3 | year=2009 | issn=0100-4042 | doi=10.1590/s0100-40422009000300006 | pages=595–622 |url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/qn/v32n3/a06v32n3.pdf| doi-access=free }}</ref> Nitrophenylethane is also found in members of the [[Annonaceae]], [[Lauraceae]] and [[Papaveraceae]].<ref>{{cite book | last1=Kramer | first1=K.U. | last2=Kubitzki | first2=K. | last3=Rohwer | first3=J.G. | last4=Bittrich | first4=V. | title=Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons: Magnoliid, Hamamelid, and Caryophyllid Families | publisher=Springer-Verlag, Berlin | series=Families and genera of vascular plants | year=1993 | isbn=978-3-540-55509-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K_pGAAAAYAAJ}}</ref>

=== In pharmaceuticals ===
Despite the occasional use in pharmaceuticals, the nitro group is associated with [[mutagenicity]] and [[genotoxicity]] and therefore is often regarded as a liability in the [[drug discovery]] process.<ref name="pmid30295477">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nepali K, Lee HY, Liou JP |title=Nitro-Group-Containing Drugs |journal=J. Med. Chem. |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=2851–2893 |date=March 2019 |pmid=30295477 |doi=10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00147 |s2cid=52931949 }}</ref>