Editing Operation Biting (section)

== Aftermath ==
The success of the raid against the Bruneval installation had two important effects. First, a successful raid against German-occupied territory was a welcome morale boost for the British public, and featured prominently in the British media for several weeks afterwards.<ref>Harclerode, p. 214.</ref> The British [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]], [[Winston Churchill]], took a personal interest in the operation, and on 3 March assembled the [[War Cabinet]] to hear from Frost and several other officers who had participated in it. Several medals were awarded as a result.

On 15 May 1942 a special supplement to the ''[[London Gazette]]'' carried the announcement of 19 decorations; Frost was awarded the [[Military Cross]] (MC), Cook the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross]] (DSC) and Cox the [[Military Medal]] (MM); there were two other DSCs, two [[Distinguished Service Medal (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Medals]] (DSM), one other MC, two further MMs and nine [[Mentioned in Despatches|Mentions in Despatches]] (MiD).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35558 |supp=y|pages=2111–2112|date=15 May 1942}}</ref> Wing Commander Pickard was also subsequently awarded a [[Medal bar|bar]] to his [[Distinguished Service Order]], on 26 May.<ref>Otway, p. 70.</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35574 |supp=y|page=2289|date=22 May 1942}}</ref> The success of the raid also prompted the [[War Office]] to expand the existing British airborne forces, setting up the Airborne Forces Depot and Battle School in [[Derbyshire]] in April 1942, and creating the [[Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)|Parachute Regiment]] as well as converting a number of infantry battalions to airborne battalions in August 1942.<ref>Harclerode, p. 218.</ref>

The second and most important result of the raid was the technical knowledge that British scientists gained. Examination of the components of the radar array showed that it was of a [[modular design]] that aided maintenance and made fixing faults far simpler than on similar British radar models. This was confirmed during the interrogation of the captured German technician, who proved to be less well trained than his British counterparts.<ref>Bodanis, p. 142.</ref><ref>Jones, p. 244.</ref>

Examination of the radar array also allowed British scientists to conclude that they would have to deploy a countermeasure that had recently been developed, code-named [[Chaff (countermeasure)#Second World War|Window]]. Examination of the Würzburg array showed that it could be tuned to a wide range of frequencies, making it difficult to jam by the conventional means used by the British during the early years of the conflict. Thus Window would have to be deployed against German radars.<ref>Millar, p. 191.</ref> The effectiveness of Window against Würzburg radar arrays was confirmed by a raid conducted by RAF Bomber Command on 24 July 1943 against [[Hamburg]] ([[Operation Gomorrah]]); the bombers used Window, all of the radar arrays in Hamburg were blinded and their operators confused, unable to distinguish between the radar signature of a real bomber and several pieces of Window giving off a similar signature.<ref>Johnson, p. 116.</ref><ref>Millar, p. 195.</ref> Based on what was learned in the raid, a tunable jammer aimed specifically at Würzburg ([[Carpet (jammer)|Carpet]]) would later be deployed, hampering German efforts to adapt to Window.<ref>{{cite web|URL=https://www.keymilitary.com/article/biting-back|title=Biting back|date=19 January 2022|website=Key Military}}</ref>

{{Gallery
 |title=Aftermath
 |align=center
 |File:Wing Commander Percy Pickard, CO of No. 51 Squadron RAF, inspects a captured German helmet with troops from 2nd Parachute Battalion after the Bruneval raid, 28 February 1942. H17347.jpg|Pickard examines a German helmet taken after the raid
 |File:Operation Biting Memorial.jpg|''Biting'' memorial at Bruneval
 |File:Flak aiming system-20764-IMG 7563-gradient.jpg|[[Flak]] pointing system captured at Bruneval and now on display at the [[Musée de l'Armée]] in Paris
}}
An unexpected bonus of the Bruneval raid was the Germans' efforts to improve defences at Würzburg stations and prevent similar attacks. The radars were surrounded by rings of barbed wire which increased their visibility from the air, making them easier to attack prior to [[Operation Overlord]].<ref>Millar, p. 190.</ref> The [[Telecommunications Research Establishment]], where much of the Bruneval equipment was analysed and where British radar systems were designed and tested, was moved further inland from [[Swanage]] on the southern coast of England to [[Malvern, Worcestershire|Malvern]], to ensure that it would not become the target of a reprisal raid by German airborne forces.<ref>Jones, p. 247.</ref> The original model of the area around the radar station, used to brief troops taking part in the assault, is preserved in the [[Parachute Regiment and Airborne Forces Museum]], at the [[Imperial War Museum Duxford]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armymuseums.org.uk/museums/0000000009-Airborne-Assault-Museum-of-the-Parachute-Regiment-and-Airborne-Forces.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409011359/http://www.armymuseums.org.uk/museums/0000000009-Airborne-Assault-Museum-of-the-Parachute-Regiment-and-Airborne-Forces.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 April 2010|title=Airborne Assault, Museum of the Parachute Regiment and Airborne Forces|publisher=Army Museums Ogilby Trust|access-date=27 August 2012}}</ref>