Editing Operation Hardtack I (section)

=== Teak ===
The [[Hardtack Teak|Teak]] test was launched from [[Johnston Island]] on July 31, 1958, and carried a payload of {{convert|3.8|MtonTNT}}.<ref name=CW_2/>{{rp|page=3}}<ref name=CW_3/>{{rp|page=251}} Teak was the second high-altitude test after the success of Yucca. Instead of a balloon, the warhead for the Teak test would be carried by a [[Redstone missile]]; a modified Redstone missile had been used to launch [[Explorer I]] in January of the same year.<ref name=CW_3/>{{rp|pages=256–257}} Other nuclear weapons had been tested using the Redstone missile, but until this time the highest payload to have been detonated was {{convert|3|ktonTNT}} during [[Operation Teapot]].<ref name=CW_4/>{{rp|page=218}} Teak would be the first high-altitude test to have a payload in the megaton range. The test was scheduled to take place from the [[Bikini Atoll]]. Due to the fact that the payloads of Teak and Orange were much larger than previous high-altitude shots, the test was moved to Johnston Island as to protect nearby native islanders from any retinal damage. As both Teak and Orange had been relocated these two tests were named Operation Newsreel. The name Newsreel came from the fact that these two tests were being moved to Johnston Island.<ref name=CW_3/>{{rp|page=259}}{{clarify|How does moving to Johnson inspire the name Newsreel?|date=June 2020}}

The safety precautions taken by the teams involved were precisely detailed. The day before the launch 187 team members would evacuate Johnston Island with 727 men the day of the test. This was to keep as few men on the island while still being able to operate the airfield and critical data instruments. Another problem the team members were concerned about was the issue of retinal damage. Since the payload of the bomb was so large, aircraft were scheduled to keep any civilian ships out of a {{convert|760|km|mi|sp=us}} radius of Johnston Island. Additionally, the [[Civil Aeronautics Authority]] was informed that it would be dangerous for any aircraft to fly within {{convert|965|km|mi|sp=us}} of Johnston Island. On the day of the test only about 175 men remained on Johnston Island to prepare for Teak to be launched and other various duties needed after.<ref name=CW_3/>{{rp|page=262–263}}

At 11:47 PM on July 31 Teak was launched; after 3 minutes it was detonated. Due to programming issues, the warhead detonated directly above Johnston Island.<ref name=CW_4/>{{rp|page=219}} At time of detonation the rocket had flown to an altitude of {{convert|76.2|km|mi|sp=us}}. The explosion could be seen from Hawaii {{convert|1297|km|mi|sp=us}} away and was said to be visible for almost half an hour. After the explosion, high frequency long-distance communication was interrupted across the Pacific. Due to this communication failure Johnston Island was unable to contact their superiors to advise of the test results until about eight hours after the detonation. Thirty minutes after detonation, a crew was sent out to collect the pod which had detached from the missile carrying the warhead. The pod had been [[Irradiation|irradiated]] and to handle it the crew members used disposable gloves in an attempt to protect themselves from [[beta radiation]].<ref name=CW_3/>{{rp|pages=265–270}}

During the Teak test all crew on and around Johnston Island were given protective eyewear to prevent [[flash blindness]] from the explosion. After the explosion it was found that besides the hazard of blindness, thermal radiation was another concern—even at an altitude of {{convert|76|km|mi|sp=us}}. A crew member who was on Johnston Island at the time was said to have received a slight sunburn from the amount of thermal radiation which had reached the island. While only slight to the crew member it created issues for the local fauna. Many birds were seen on Johnston Island in distress. Unsure if this was caused by blindness or thermal radiation, the project members decided to take precautions to protect local wildlife during the Orange test.<ref name=LT_215 />