Editing Palestinian Authority (section)

===Two PNA administrations===
Since the Hamas-Fatah split in 2007, the Fatah-dominated Palestinian Authority based in areas of the West Bank had stabilized, though no significant economic growth had been achieved. Until 2012, there had also been no progress in promotion of PNA status in the UN, as well in negotiations with Israel. Ramallah-based Palestinian Authority stayed out of the [[Gaza War (2008–09)|Gaza War]] in 2008–2009, which followed the six-month [[truce]]<!--truce explained in "Background" section, in other articles on topic, and in the sources provided -->, between Hamas and Israel which ended on 19 December 2008.<ref name="bjt-tip-point-cross-border-figthing">{{Citation |url=http://www.jewishtimes.com/index.php/jewishtimes/news/jt/cover_story/tipping_point/9631 |title=Tipping Point After years of rocket attacks, Israel finally says, 'Enough!' |last=Jacobs |first=Phil |date=30 December 2008 |work=Baltimore Jewish Times |access-date=7 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115020744/http://www.jewishtimes.com/index.php/jewishtimes/news/jt/cover_story/tipping_point/9631 |archive-date=15 January 2009 }}</ref><ref name=NYTimes-truce>{{Citation |author=Isabel Kershner| title = Israel Agrees to Truce with Hamas on Gaza | work = The New York Times | access-date =28 December 2008 | date = 18 June 2008 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/18/world/middleeast/18mideast.html?_r=1&fta=y | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417043110/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/18/world/middleeast/18mideast.html?_r=1&fta=y| url-status = live | archive-date=17 April 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Ref_2009">{{Cite news|title=TIMELINE – Israeli-Hamas violence since truce ended|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE50423320090105|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118161927/http://uk.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE50423320090105|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 January 2009|work=Reuters| date=5 January 2009}}</ref> Hamas claimed that Israel broke the truce on 4 November 2008,<ref name="Ref_m">{{Cite news|last=McCarthy|first=Rory|date=5 November 2008
|title=Gaza truce broken as Israeli raid kills six Hamas gunmen| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106161636/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/nov/05/israelandthepalestinians |archive-date=6 January 2018
|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/nov/05/israelandthepalestinians|access-date=2023-02-20|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name="Ref_n">{{Cite news|last=McGreal|first=Chris|date=4 January 2009
|title=Why Israel went to war in Gaza|work=The Observer| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922195308/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jan/04/israel-gaza-hamas-hidden-agenda |archive-date=22 September 2016
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jan/04/israel-gaza-hamas-hidden-agenda|access-date=2023-02-20|issn=0029-7712}}</ref> though Israel blamed Hamas for an increasing [[List of rocket and mortar attacks in Israel in 2008|rocket fire]] directed at southern Israeli towns and cities.<ref name="Ref_2008">{{Citation|title=Hamas declares Israel truce over|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7791100.stm|publisher=BBC News | date=22 December 2008 | access-date=3 January 2010}}</ref> The [[2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict]] began on 27 December 2008 (11:30 [[Ante meridiem|a.m.]] local time; 09:30 [[UTC]]).<ref name="Harel2008">{{Citation|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1050405.html|title=ANALYSIS / IAF strike on Gaza is Israel's version of 'shock and awe'|last=Harel|first=Amos|date=27 December 2008|work=Haaretz|access-date=27 December 2008|archive-date=25 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825110007/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1050405.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Though condemning Israel over attacks on Gaza, the Palestinian Authority erected no actions during the conflict of Israel with Hamas.

The [[Fatah–Hamas reconciliation process|reconciliation process]] between Fatah and Hamas reached intermediate results by the two governments, most notably the agreement in Cairo on 27 April 2011, but with no final solution. Though the two agreed to form a unity government,<ref name="cnnunity"/> and to hold [[Next Palestinian general election|elections]] in both territories within 12 months of the establishment of such a government,<ref name="ruvr">{{Cite news|title=Fatah, Hamas agree general elections|url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/04/27/49559693.html|newspaper=The Voice of Russia|date=27 April 2011|access-date=28 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920180527/http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/04/27/49559693.html|archive-date=20 September 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author1=Levy, Elior |author2=Somfalvi, Attila |title=Fatah, Hamas sign reconciliation agreement|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4061418,00.html|newspaper=Ynetnews|publisher=Israel News; Yedioth Internet|date=27 April 2011|access-date=28 April 2011}}</ref> it had not been implemented. The 2011 deal also promised the entry of [[Hamas]] into the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] and holding of elections to its [[Palestine National Council]] decision-making body, which was not implemented as well. The deal was further ratified in the 2012 [[Hamas–Fatah Doha agreement]], which was made with the background of Hamas relocation from Damascus, due to the simmering [[Syrian civil war]].

Since late August 2012, Palestinian National Authority has been swept with [[2012 Palestinian protests|social protests]] aiming against the cost of living. The protesters targeted the Palestinian prime minister Salam Fayyad, calling for his resignation. Some anti-government protests turned violent.<ref name=bbc1109/> On 11 September, Palestinian prime minister issued a decree on lowering the fuel prices and cutting salaries of top officials.<ref name=bbc1109>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-19556951 |title=Palestinian PM unveils measures to calm protests |publisher=BBC |date=11 September 2012 |access-date=26 November 2012}}</ref>

In July 2012, it was reported that the [[Gaza Strip under Hamas|Hamas Government in Gaza]] was considering to declare the independence of the Gaza Strip with the help of Egypt.<ref name="english.alarabiya.net">{{cite web |url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/07/31/229595.html |title=Report of possible Gaza independence stirs debate |publisher=Al Arabiya |date=31 July 2012 |access-date=26 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014181327/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/07/31/229595.html |archive-date=14 October 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 23 April 2014 [[Ismail Haniyeh]], the prime minister of Hamas, and a senior [[Palestine Liberation Organisation]] delegation dispatched by Palestinian president [[Mahmoud Abbas]] signed the [[2014 Fatah–Hamas Gaza Agreement|Fatah–Hamas Gaza Agreement]] at [[Gaza City]] in an attempt to create [[Fatah–Hamas reconciliation process|reconciliation]] in the [[Fatah–Hamas conflict]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Beaumont |first1=Peter |last2=Lewis |first2=Paul |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/23/plo-hamas-agree-unity-pact-form-government |title=Fatah and Hamas agree landmark pact after seven-year rift |newspaper=The Guardian|date=24 April 2014 |access-date=24 April 2014}}</ref> It stated that a unity government should be formed within five weeks, ahead of a presidential and parliamentary election within six months.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.france24.com/en/20140423-fatah-hamas-agree-palestinian-unity-government/ |title=Fatah, Hamas agree to form Palestinian unity government |publisher=France 24 |date=23 April 2014 |access-date=23 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424015211/http://www.france24.com/en/20140423-fatah-hamas-agree-palestinian-unity-government/ |archive-date=24 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Palestinian unity government of 2014]] formed on 2 June 2014 as a national and [[unity government|political union]] under [[President of the State of Palestine|Palestinian president]] [[Mahmoud Abbas]]. The European Union, the United Nations, the United States, China, India, Russia and Turkey all agreed to work with it.<ref>{{Cite news
| date = 6 March 2014
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527102005/https://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/EU-says-open-to-working-with-Palestinian-unity-government-355252 |archive-date=27 May 2021
|title=International community welcomes Palestinian unity government|work=The Jerusalem Post 
|url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/EU-says-open-to-working-with-Palestinian-unity-government-355252|access-date=2023-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314165927/https://thediplomat.com/2014/06/india-and-china-back-unified-palestinian-government/
| archive-date = 14 March 2021
| date = 4 June 2014
|last=Panda|first=Ankit|title=India and China Back Unified Palestinian Government|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/06/india-and-china-back-unified-palestinian-government/|access-date=2023-02-20|website=thediplomat.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news
| author1-last=Wroughton
| author1-first=Lesley 
| author2-last=Zengerle
| author2-first= Patricia 
| date=2 June 2014
| url = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinian-unity-usa-idUSKBN0ED1VQ20140603
 | title=Obama administration to work with Palestinian unity government
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018005920/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/03/us-palestinian-unity-usa-idUSKBN0ED1VQ20140603 |archive-date=18 October 2015 | work= Reuters
|access-date=2023-02-20}}</ref><ref name=h20140603>{{cite news |title=Amid wave of endorsements, PM 'troubled' by U.S. decision to work with Palestinian gov't |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.596907 |newspaper=Haaretz |date=3 June 2014}}</ref> The [[Israeli government]] condemned the unity government because it views Hamas as a terrorist organization.<ref>{{cite news |title=Palestinian unity government sworn in by Mahmoud Abbas |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27660218 |access-date=2 June 2014 |publisher=BBC News  |date=2 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rudoren |first1=Jodi |last2=Kershner |first2=Isabel |title=With Hope for Unity, Abbas Swears in a New Palestinian Government |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/03/world/middleeast/abbas-swears-in-a-new-palestinian-government.html |access-date=2 June 2014 |work=The New York Times  |date=2 June 2014}}</ref> The Palestinian unity government first convened in Gaza on 9 October 2014 to discuss the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip following the [[2014 Israel–Gaza conflict]]. On 30 November 2014, Hamas declared that the unity government had ended with the expiration of the six-month term.<ref>{{cite web |website=The Jerusalem Post|title=Hamas says unity government is over |author=Ariel Ben Solomon |date=30 November 2014 |url=http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Hamas-rejects-Abbas-claim-that-it-colluded-with-Israel-and-says-unity-government-is-over-383264}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hamas: Palestinian unity govt has expired |date=30 November 2014 |url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=743683 |website=Ma'an News Agency |access-date=30 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130021854/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=743683 |archive-date=30 January 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> But Fatah subsequently denied the claim, and said that the government is still in force.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fatah official denies unity government mandate has ended |author=Lazar Berman |website=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=1 December 2014 |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/fatah-official-denies-unity-government-mandate-has-ended/}}</ref>

On 7–8 February 2016, Fatah and Hamas held talks in [[Doha]], [[Qatar]] in an attempt to implement the 2014 agreements. Hamas official told ''[[Al-Monitor]]'' on 8 March, that the talks did not succeed and that discussions continued between the two movements. He also said that the foreign pressures on the Palestinian Authority to not implement the reconciliation terms is the main obstacle in the talks. In a 25 Feb statement to local newspaper ''Felesteen'', Hamas foreign relations chief [[Osama Hamdan]] accused the United States and Israel of blocking Palestinian reconciliation. The United States is putting pressure on the PA to not reconcile with Hamas until the latter recognizes the [[Quartet on the Middle East]]'s conditions, including the recognition of Israel, which Hamas rejects. After the 2014 agreement, US president [[Barack Obama]] said in April 2014 that President Mahmoud Abbas' decision to form a national unity government with Hamas was "unhelpful" and undermined the negotiations with Israel. Amin Maqboul, secretary-general of Fatah's Revolutionary Council, told ''Al-Monitor'', "Hamas did not stick to the 2014 agreement, as it has yet to hand over the reins of power over Gaza to the national consensus government and continues to control the crossings. Should Hamas continue down this path, we have to go to the polls immediately and let the people choose who they want to rule".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Abou Jalal|first1=Rasha|title=Why does Hamas, Fatah reconciliation keep failing? the foreign pressures on the Palestinian Authority to not implement the reconciliation terms.|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/03/palestinian-hamas-fatah-reconciliation-doha.html|access-date=16 March 2016|work=[[Al-Monitor]]|date=8 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313223726/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/03/palestinian-hamas-fatah-reconciliation-doha.html#ixzz436pSQ5sy|archive-date=13 March 2016}}</ref>